Topic
Mountain rescue
About: Mountain rescue is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 136 publications have been published within this topic receiving 1423 citations.
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TL;DR: A multipurpose UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) for mountain rescue operations designed to meet environmental requirements for mountainous terrain, assuring the capability of carrying different payloads such as avalanche beacon (ARTVA) with automatic signal recognition and path following algorithms.
Abstract: This paper presents a multipurpose UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) for mountain rescue operations. The multi-rotors based flying platform and its embedded avionics are designed to meet environmental requirements for mountainous terrain such as low temperatures, high altitude and strong winds, assuring the capability of carrying different payloads (separately or together) such as: avalanche beacon (ARTVA) with automatic signal recognition and path following algorithms for the rapid location of snow-covered body; camera (visible and thermal) for search and rescue of missing persons on snow and in woods during the day or night; payload deployment to drop emergency kits or specific explosive cartridge for controlled avalanche detachment. The resulting small (less than 5 kg) UAV is capable of full autonomous flight (including take-off and landing) of a pre-programmed, or easily configurable, custom mission. Furthermore, the autopilot manages the sensors measurements (i.e. beacons or cameras) to update th...
251 citations
TL;DR: A wider area can be searched faster by drone using DST compared to the classical technique, and the victim can be located faster and reached earlier with rescuers transported by snowmobile.
Abstract: Objective This study explores the potential use of drones in searching for and locating victims and of motorized transportation of search and rescue providers in a mountain environment using a simulation model. Methods This prospective randomized simulation study was performed in order to compare two different search and rescue techniques in searching for an unconscious victim on snow-covered ground. In the control arm, the Classical Line Search Technique (CLT) was used, in which the search is performed on foot and the victim is reached on foot. In the intervention arm, the Drone-snowmobile Technique (DST) was used, the search being performed by drone and the victim reached by snowmobile. The primary outcome of the study was the comparison of the two search and rescue techniques in terms of first human contact time. Results Twenty search and rescue operations were conducted in this study. Median time to arrival at the mannequin was 57.3 min for CLT, compared to 8.9 min for DST. The median value of the total searched area was 88,322.0 m2 for CLT and 228,613.0 m2 for DST. The median area searched per minute was 1489.6 m2 for CLT and 32,979.9 m2 for DST (p Conclusions In conclusion, a wider area can be searched faster by drone using DST compared to the classical technique, and the victim can be located faster and reached earlier with rescuers transported by snowmobile.
143 citations
TL;DR: Treatment of lightning victims is based upon the ABCs - (Assessment) airway, breathing and circulation, and Respiratory arrest may be prolonged, but the prognosis can be excellent if breathing is supported.
76 citations
TL;DR: The data showed that both the avalanche airbag and the avalanche transceiver reduce mortality, and to improve the evaluation of rescue devices in the future, the data collection procedures should be reviewed and prospective trials should be considered, as the reliability of retrospective studies is limited.
67 citations
TL;DR: Medical directors of rescue teams should interpret scientifically supported recommendations for termination of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in mountain rescue in the context of local conditions and laws, and create team-specific training and protocols for determining when to withhold and terminate CPR in a patient with absent vital signs.
Abstract: The aim was to establish scientifically supported recommendations for termination of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in mountain rescue, which can be applied by physicians and nonphysicians. A literature search was performed; the results and recommendations were discussed among the authors, and finally approved by the International Commission for Mountain Emergency Medicine (ICAR MEDCOM) in October 2011. 4166 abstracts were reviewed; of these, 96 were relevant for this article and are included in this literature review. In mountain rescue, CPR may be withheld or terminated in a patient with absent vital signs when the risk is unacceptable to the rescuer, the rescuer is exhausted or in extreme environments where CPR is not possible or any of the following apply: decapitation; truncal transection; whole body incinerated, decomposed, or frozen solid; avalanche victim in asystole with obstructed airway and burial time >35 min. Also, CPR may be terminated when all of the following criteria apply: unwitnessed loss of vital signs, no return of spontaneous circulation during 20 min of CPR, no shock advised at any time by AED or only asystole on ECG, and no hypothermia or other special circumstances warranting extended CPR. In situations where transport is not possible, mitigation of special circumstances is not possible, and further resuscitation is futile, CPR should be terminated. Medical directors of rescue teams should interpret these recommendations in the context of local conditions and laws, and create team-specific training and protocols for determining when to withhold and terminate CPR in a patient with absent vital signs.
52 citations