Showing papers on "Murashige and Skoog medium published in 1978"
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TL;DR: Among the several cytokinins tested, kinetin (Kn) was effective in inducing shoot bud regeneration and the possibility of using tissue cultures for the rapid multiplication of Solanum hybrids is discussed.
54 citations
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TL;DR: Results indicate that cells of root tips from hypocotyl- and anther-derived callus have the expected diploid and haploid number of chromosomes (2n = 16 and n = 8, respectively).
Abstract: Plants were regenerated from hypocotyl and anther explants of berseem clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing various combinations of plant growth regulators. The most efficient production of plants from hypocotyl explants involved: callus induction on MS medium with 1.0 mg/liter of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 1.5 mg/liter 6-furfurylaminopurine (KIN); callus increase on MS medium with 2.0 mg/liter of NAA and 0.1 mg/liter of N/sup 6/-(..delta../sup 2/-isopentenyl) adenine (2iP); induction of shoots on MS medium with 0.5 mg/liter each of NAA and KIN followed by induction of roots on MS medium with 1.0 mg/liter of indoleacetic acid (IAA) and 0.1 mg/liter of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). Suspension cultures in liquid MS medium containing 2.0 mg/liter of NAA and 0.2 mg/liter of 2iP provided filterable cell preparations with 45% viable cells, 4% of which gave rise to colonies within 3 weeks after transfer to agar plates. Shoot development was observed when callus from the colonies was cultured on MS medium with 0.5 mg/liter of NAA and KIN. Preliminary results indicate that cells of root tips from hypocotyl- and anther-derived callus have the expected diploid and haploid number of chromosomes (2n = 16 and n = 8, respectively).
37 citations
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TL;DR: A medium for optimal growth of embryos of Jamaican Tall and Green Malayan Dwarf varieties of coconut palm was developed and aneuploid callus was developed with the chromosome number=8 (normal 2n=32).
Abstract: A medium for optimal growth of embryos of Jamaican Tall and Green Malayan Dwarf varieties of coconut palm was developed. The Liquid basal Murashige and Skoog medium was supplemented with coconut milk, IAA and 2IP. Activated charcoal improved embryo growth on agar medium. A single callus line was initiated from solid endosperm and subcultured on basal Schenk and Hildebrandt medium supplemented with 2 mg per 1 NAA. Attempts at inducing organogenesis in the callus were unsuccessful. No vascular tissue was present. The callus was aneuploid with the chromosome number = 8 (normal 2n = 32).
25 citations
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TL;DR: Organs seemed to be initiated from the epidermis of cultured floral parts and did not appear to be related to particular cells or loci in African violet cultured on MS medium containing NAA and BAP.
Abstract: Callus tissue was induced from floral parts of African violet cultured on MS medium containing NAA (2 mg l-1) and BAP (0-2 mg l-1). When maintained on this medium in the presence of light, the callus produced many shoots and roots. Large numbers of adventitious shoot buds were formed apparently in the absence of callusing when ovary, sepal, and petal tissue was cultured on MS medium supplemented with BAP (1 mg 1_1) and NAA (1 mg 1_1). In contrast, culturing the same floral parts on MS medium augmented with kinetin (1 mg l-1) and NAA (0-5 mg I"1) led to the profuse development of roots. Organs seemed to be initiated from the epidermis of cultured floral parts and did not appear to be related to particular cells or loci. Transfer of shoots to MS medium devoid of growth substances resulted in the formation of plantlets, which at a height of 3 cm could be transferred to soil and grown to maturity without variation in morphology or cytology.
20 citations
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TL;DR: Abscisic acid (ABA) acted as an antagonist to NAA in reducing the frequency of callus greening when the latter was applied jointly with BAP, indicating that the calli were derived from the somatic tissues of the anthers.
Abstract: Experiments have been performed to induce callus formation and organogenesis in anther culture of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). Callusing was achieved on a modified Murashige and Skoog medium (MSB) supplemented with 4.44 μM 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 4.52 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2.4-D). No callus was formed from anthers pretreated at 4 °C for more than 48 h or on a medium containing 4g/l activated charcoal. Callus on MSB with 4.44–8.88 μM BAP alone formed roots only. BAP (8.88 μM) in combination with α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) (10.74 μM) resulted in chlorophyll formation in callus. Abscisic acid (ABA) acted as an antagonist to NAA in reducing the frequency of callus greening when the latter was applied jointly with BAP. Chromosome counts of mitotic figures from callus cells ranged from 34 to 38 indicating that the calli were derived from the somatic tissues of the anthers.
14 citations
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TL;DR: Hypocotyl and cotyledon expiants of four cultivars of leaf-mustard cabbage were cultured in vitro on Murashige and Skoog medium and complete plantlet formation was obtained after 20–30 days of culturing on media supplemented with combinations of NAA and Kinetin.
12 citations
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TL;DR: Persistent but reversible changes in the phenotype of a tobacco callus are reported in this paper and the regenerated plant originated from the S401 callus produced only the S 401 type callus.
Abstract: Persistent but reversible changes in the phenotype of a tobacco callus are reported in this paper. The callus (S401) was first isolated as a spontaneous variant which differed in pigmentation (dark grayed green) and friability (very friable and wettish) from its parent callus S4 (yellow and firm) during subculture on Murashige and Skoog medium with 2, 4-D. The callus consisted mainly of small embryonic cells and contained a high level of pectin, especially of water soluble forms, as compared with the S4 callus. Almost no lignified vascular elements were observed.2, 4-D removal from the medium was accompanied by an increase in lignin and a decrease in pectin content. Peroxidase activity in the callus was low, but the level increased during subculture on the medium without 2, 4-D. Isozymes of peroxidase found in the callus after 2, 4-D removal were the same as those in the S4 callus. When the tissues of S401 grown on the 2, 4-D free medium were placed back on the medium with 2, 4-D, they recovered its original characters. The regenerated plant originated from the S401 callus produced only the S401 type callus.
4 citations
01 Jan 1978
TL;DR: The leaf explants of tobacco were grown on MS medium and the effects of plant hormones and organic supplements on cell proliferation and organogenesis were studied, showing that BA greatly stimulated bud formation in concentrations ranging from 0.2—5.0 mg/l, but higher concentrations suppressed further bud development and root formation.
Abstract: The leaf explants of tobacco were grown on MS medium and the effects of plant hormones and organic supplements on cell proliferation and organogenesis were studied. The results obtained showed that BA greatly stimulated bud formation in concentrations ranging from 0.2—5.0 mg/l, but higher concentrations suppressed further bud development and root formation. Among all the cytokinins tested (BA, KT and zeatin), zeatin showed the highest stimulating effect on bud initiation. Cytokinin was necessary for bud initiation from tobacco leaf explants. The presence of cytokinin was only needed for the first 5—6 days. If the leaf explants were transplanted to MS basic medium at this time, buds were still initiated, shoot growth and root formation were all accelerated. In the presence of lower concentrations of BA in the medium, NAA was markedly stimulatory to root formation. The stimulatory effect of BA on bud and callus formation was increased by organic supplements, such as LH, CM, and adenine sulfate. AU (6-azouracil) and TU (2-thiouracil) at the concentration of 10~(-4) M inhibited the promoting effects of BA, and AU was especially pronounced. But lower concentrations (10~(-5) and 10~(-6) M) of both AU and TU had no apparent effects on these processes. Cytological observations showed that mesophyll cells were greatly enlarged, undergoing repeated cell divisions, then forming meristematic mass, from which buds were initiated.
3 citations
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TL;DR: A rapid method is described of obtaining callus tissue cultures from hypocotyls of vegetative and flowering Xanthium strumarium L. seedlings by growing on Murashige and Skoog medium modified.
Abstract: A rapid method is described of obtaining callus tissue cultures from hypocotyls of vegetative and flowering Xanthium strumarium L. seedlings. The tissue is grown on Murashige and Skoog medium modified with 1 g/l casein hydrolysate and 5 mg/l each of kinetin and α-napthaleneacetic acid.
2 citations