Topic
Mutant
About: Mutant is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 74520 publications have been published within this topic receiving 3477079 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
TL;DR: It is suggested that the mutation alters the lipoprotein of lamellar structures in the plastid, and that other effects are consequential.
Abstract: Biochemical properties and chloroplast fine-structure of a viridis mutant of Gateway barley are described. The mutant was deficient in chlorophyll and carotenoids when young but developed nearly no...
623 citations
TL;DR: To the authors' knowledge, this is the first C. albicans small molecule that has been found to be required specifically for virulence, and it is revealed that virulence requires the glycolipid glucosylceramide.
Abstract: Candida albicans is the most common cause of serious fungal disease in humans. Creation of isogenic null mutants of this diploid organism, which requires sequential gene targeting, allows dissection of virulence mechanisms. Published analyses of such mutants show a near-perfect correlation between C. albicans pathogenicity and the ability to undergo a yeast-to-hypha morphological switch in vitro. However, most studies have used mutants constructed with a marker that is itself a virulence determinant and therefore complicates their interpretation. Using alternative markers, we created approximately 3,000 homozygous deletion strains affecting 674 genes, or roughly 11% of the C. albicans genome. Screening for infectivity in a mouse model and for morphological switching and cell proliferation in vitro, we identified 115 infectivity-attenuated mutants, of which nearly half demonstrated normal morphological switching and proliferation. Analysis of such mutants revealed that virulence requires the glycolipid glucosylceramide. To our knowledge, this is the first C. albicans small molecule that has been found to be required specifically for virulence.
621 citations
TL;DR: The whn gene, designated whn, encodes a new member of the winged-helix domain family of transcription factors and is disrupted on mouse nu and rat rnuN alleles, the first member of this class of genes to be implicated in a specific developmental defect in vertebrates.
Abstract: Mutations at the nude locus of mice and rats disrupt normal hair growth and thymus development, causing nude mice and rats to be immune-deficient. The mouse nude locus has been localized on chromosome 11 (refs 3, 4) within a region of < 1 megabase. Here we show that one of the genes from this critical region, designated whn, encodes a new member of the winged-helix domain family of transcription factors, and that it is disrupted on mouse nu and rat rnuN alleles. Mutant transcripts do not encode the characteristic DNA-binding domain, strongly suggesting that the whn gene is the nude gene. Mutations in winged-helix domain genes cause homeotic transformations in Drosophila and distort cell-fate decisions during vulval development in Caenorhabditis elegans. The whn gene is thus the first member of this class of genes to be implicated in a specific developmental defect in vertebrates.
620 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Results imply that as in the murine system, the PAb240 antibody reliably detects a wide variety of p53 mutations and that these mutations have a common effect on the structure of p 53.
Abstract: The expression of the tumour suppressor gene p53 was analysed in 11 human breast cancer cell lines by immunohistochemistry, immunoprecipitation and cDNA sequencing. We used a panel of anti-p53 monoclonal antibodies for cell staining and found abnormalities in every case. Eight of the cell lines produce a form of p53 which can be immunoprecipitated by the monoclonal antibody PAb240 but not by PAb1620. In the murine system PAb240 only immunoprecipitates mutant p53. We sequenced p53 cDNA directly from four of the PAb240 positive cell lines using asymmetric PCR templates. All four contained missense mutations in p53 RNA, with no detectable expression of the wild type sequence. Different residues were affected in each cell line, but all the mutations changed amino acids conserved from man to Xenopus. These results imply that as in the murine system, the PAb240 antibody reliably detects a wide variety of p53 mutations and that these mutations have a common effect on the structure of p53. Immunohistochemical data suggest that p53 mutation is the commonest genetic alteration so far detected in primary breast cancer.
617 citations
TL;DR: DNA sequence analysis has shown that the protein encoded by GL1 contains a Myb DNA-binding motif, and southern analysis and subsequence analysis of isolated lambda clones has established that GL1 is a member of an extensive myb gene family in Arabidopsis.
616 citations