Topic
Mutation breeding
About: Mutation breeding is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 531 publications have been published within this topic receiving 6730 citations. The topic is also known as: variation breeding.
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TL;DR: With cross breeding and mutation breeding, new erect plant type lines with almost equal levels of yield as compared to ‘Beniazuma’ are developed, however, mutation breeding failed to develop any promising lines because it could not obtain distinct erect planttype lines.
Abstract: Few sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas Lam.) cultivars with erect plant type are available despite their advantages over spreading type, such as simplicity of cultivation and ability to adapt to limited space. One of the reasons is insufficiency of their agronomic characteristics for table use. So, it is important to overcome these drawbacks of ER-type lines. We attempted to breed new erect plant type sweetpotato lines having good agronomic traits using cross breeding and mutation breeding with gamma-ray irradiation. With cross breeding we successfully developed new erect plant type lines with almost equal levels of yield as compared to ‘Beniazuma’, one of the leading cultivars in Japan. However, mutation breeding failed to develop any promising lines because we could not obtain distinct erect plant type lines. In the future larger numbers of plants should be used for mutation breeding, and irradiation methods should be improved.
6 citations
Patent•
17 Apr 2013
TL;DR: In this article, an in-vitro sodium azide (NaN3) mutation breeding technology for the dendranthema morifolium was proposed, which can effectively overcome the obstacle of breed improvement of a clonal plant and the constraints of low bud-variation frequency and small mutational range under natural conditions.
Abstract: The invention relates to a chemical mutation breeding technology in the field of biotechnologies, and particularly relates to an in-vitro sodium azide (NaN3) mutation breeding technology of dendranthema morifolium The in-vitro NaN3 mutation breeding technology comprises the following steps of: performing culture in vitro on an immature stem, a stem tip or a leaf of the dendranthema morifolium to form an aseptic seedling; processing the stem tip and a stem segment of the aseptic seedling, which are taken as explants, by sodium azide (NaN3) in a breeding process to carry out induced mutation; rooting and transplanting a test-tube plantlet; and finally breeding excellent mutant in a field at a flowering phase The in-vitro sodium azide (NaN3) mutation breeding technology can effectively overcome the obstacle of breed improvement of a clonal plant and the constraints of low bud-variation frequency and small mutational range under natural conditions, can be used for obtaining the excellent mutant within a short period of time, ensures high induced mutation efficiency, and has an important value to the genetic improvement of asexual propagation of the dendranthema morifolium with medicinal and ornamental values
6 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The effect of gamma irradiation on the germination percentage and seedling height of two sunflower varieties were investigated and the doses that decrease growth by 50 percent (GR50) for AS508 and Nantio were found to be 148 Gy and 165 Gy, respectively.
Abstract: In this study, different gamma radiation doses were applied to two sunflower varieties seeds to determine their effects on some plant characteristics in plants and to determine GR50 doses for effective mutation dose values in mutation breeding studies. The effect of gamma irradiation on the germination percentage and seedling height (cm) of two sunflower varieties were investigated at different doses (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 400 and 500 Gy). Gamma radiation was applied to seeds from Cesium-137 (137Cs) source. The trial was conducted as a split-plot experimental design in three replications. As a result, germination percentages of sunflower varieties were not affected with increasing radiation doses. But, as parallel to increasing doses applied of gamma radiation dose seedling height (cm) were affected negatively. On the other hand, the doses that decrease growth by 50 percent (GR50) for AS508 and Nantio were found to be 148 Gy and 165 Gy, respectively. Keywords: Helianthus annuus L, GR50 dose, M1 plants. DOI: 10.7176/JSTR/5-9-04
6 citations
20 Jun 2020
TL;DR: The results indicated efficient GA3 production could be achieved on the condition that the supply of glycerol at the suitable conditions, and would lay a foundation for industrial production of GA3.
Abstract: Gibberellic acid (GA3) is a natural plant growth hormone that has been widely used in agriculture and horticulture. To obtain higher GA3 producing strains, the method of screening the strains for resistance to simvastatin was used after treatment with nitrosoguanidine (NTG) and gamma rays. The rationale for the strategy was that mutants showing simvastatin resistance were likely to be high GA3 producers, as their activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase is relatively more effective. GA3 yield of mutant S109 increased by 14.2% than that of the original strain. The GA3 production ability in mutant S109 remained relatively stable after ten generations. With the addition of 0.4 g glycerol on the 5th day during the fermentation process in Erlenmeyer flask, maximum GA3 production of 2.7 g/L was achieved by this mutant, exhibiting 28.6% increase compared with original strain. Furthermore, we also achieved 2.8 g/L GA3 and had a 33.3% increase with addition 20 g glycerol on the 5th day during the fermentation process in a 5-L bioreactor. Our results indicated efficient GA3 production could be achieved on the condition that the supply of glycerol at the suitable conditions. This study would lay a foundation for industrial production of GA3.
6 citations