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Mutation breeding

About: Mutation breeding is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 531 publications have been published within this topic receiving 6730 citations. The topic is also known as: variation breeding.


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TL;DR: The present study has indicated that mutation breeding results in an increase in variation for all quantitatively inherited characters but there was a decrease in the general mean of the irradiated population, with some exceptions.
Abstract: Two mung varieties were treated with gamma rays. The radiation treatments have been effective in inducing considerable variation for a number of characters of economic value e.g. yield/plant, grain size, number of pods/plant, days to flower and protein content. The quality of proteins was also changed, some of the M2 progenies showed a greater range of variation in the content of methionine and tryptophan. The treatment with 70 kr. was found to be more effective than 30 kr. But the 30 kr. treatment had a stimulating effect on plant growth which was associated with low seed yield. All early maturing mutants were found to be less seed yield productive. The present study has indicated that mutation breeding results in an increase in variation for all quantitatively inherited characters but there was a decrease in the general mean of the irradiated population, with some exceptions.

5 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Eight selected mutants showing resistance to smut were identified and the significance of these clonal selections in breeding for smut resistance (which is the most important disease of sugarcane in Nigeria) have been discussed.
Abstract: The application of mutation breeding method was aimed at identification of mutants which possess positive agro-morphological and quality characteristics. In a series of studies between 1994 and 1998 using gamma irradiation for sugarcane, the dose sensitivity range of 4–8 kilograys (kgy) were identified for optimum germination of cane buds: The LD50 for cane buds was observed to lie between 30–50 kgy while complete lethality occurred at 70 kgy. The growth and quality traits of first generation of vegetative mutants (M1V2) tended to be reduced when gamma doses increased. This relationship which was inconsistent in M1V2 showed stabilized effects of these traits in M1V2. Artificial inoculation with smut spore were used to screen M1V3 mutants of three standard sugarcane clones of diverse origins. Eight selected mutants showing resistance to smut were identified. The significance of these clonal selections in breeding for smut resistance (which is the most important disease of sugarcane in Nigeria) have been discussed.

5 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Induced mutants will become a unique genetic resource in functional genomic studies, and the advance of functional genomics will increase the usefulness and use efficiency of induced mutations in soybean breeding.
Abstract: Efficient mutant production systems, through either physical or chemical mutagenesis, have been well established in soybean. A vast amount of genetic variability, of both quantitative and qualitative traits, has been generated through experimental mutagenesis in the past 30 years. Characterization of mutated traits has greatly advanced our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of a score of important traits, including the genetic and genomic basis of nodulation and synthesis of fatty acids and storage proteins. Mutation techniques have also been successfully used in breeding new soybean varieties. More than 100 mutant varieties were developed and released for commercial cultivation; among them are several groundbreaking varieties; i.e., the supernodulating variety Sakukei 4; the glycinin-rich variety Yumenori; the lipoxygenases-free variety Ichihime; and the low linolenic varieties IA3017 and IA2064. It is expected that more new varieties with novel traits will become available in the coming years, and a variety with a reduced phytate level may become available in the near future. Induced mutants will become a unique genetic resource in functional genomic studies, and the advance of functional genomics will increase the usefulness and use efficiency of induced mutations in soybean breeding.

5 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
24 Jul 2020-Nucleus
TL;DR: An extra early mutant that matured on 70 DAS was identified in M4 generation of TMV 5 at 15 mM and confirmed the superior performance of the mutant TVS 1401 for yield attributes in station trials, it was evaluated in MLT for two seasons.
Abstract: Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) also known as Queen of oilseeds is being cultivated worldwide for its oil content for nutritional and medicinal value. Low productivity is one of the major constraints of sesame cultivation. Systematic efforts are made using induced mutagenesis to increase its productivity and realize earliness and alteration in genetic architecture. Sodium Azide was used as a chemical mutagen in the present study. Nine sesame varieties viz., TMV 3, TMV 4, TMV 5, TMV 6, TMV (Sv) 7, CO 1, VRI 1, VRI(Sv) 2 and Paiyur 1 released from Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India were subjected to mutation at three different concentrations of Sodium Azide viz., 5 mM, 10 mM and 15 mM. An extra early mutant that matured on 70 DAS was identified in M4 generation of TMV 5 at 15 mM. This mutant (TVS 1401) was forwarded to subsequent generations with confirmed earliness. After confirming the superior performance of the mutant TVS 1401 for yield attributes in station trials, it was evaluated in MLT for two seasons. During Rabi 2017 MLT, it recorded 521 kg/ha of seed yield with the duration of 72 days. During Kharif 2018, it recorded 683 kg/ha of seed yield which was 21.96% higher yield than the popular check TMV 7 and matured 16 days earlier. This extra early mutant has white seed coat colour with 1000 seed weight of 3.22 g. Dissection of fatty acid profile of this mutant also confirmed its superiority. Distinctness of TVS1401 in molecular level was also established through RAPD markers viz., OPC03550 and OPA04550.

5 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202341
202244
202118
202026
201927
201830