Mutation breeding

About: Mutation breeding is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 531 publications have been published within this topic receiving 6730 citations. The topic is also known as: variation breeding.

Study on mutagenic effects of avilamycin-producing strain induced by N~+ ion implantation

Abstract: Mutagenic effects of avilamycin-producing strain induced by N+ ion implantation have been investigated. The experimental results indicated that the survival rate curve took a "saddle" shape and the unique mutation effects of N+ ion implantation were presented. To obtain high-yield avilamycin-producing strain, the ion implantation dose of 5×1015 cm-2(the mutation rate was 20.9%-26.2%) was used and screening of streptomycin-resistant mutant was done in the study on breeding mutation. The SVN-116 mutant was obtained, with an avilamycin yield of 79.6-82.9 mg·L-1 that was 1.414-1.472 times as much as the original strain.

Physical and chemical mutagenic effect on pollen fertility in M1 generation of Garden Bean [ Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet var. typicus cv. CO (Gb) 14]

Abstract: Mutation breeding has been widely used to develop a large number of desirable varieties in field and horticultural crops. The present study was performed by exposing the seeds with Gamma rays and Ethyl Methane Sulphonate to assess the pollen fertility in M1 generation. It was observed, that the pollen fertility decreased with increasing dose/ concentrations of mutagens. The results showed that the treatment of EMS was more effective in reducing pollen fertility as compared to gamma rays and control. Pollen fertility percentage was better in control when compared to Gamma rays and EMS. Lower dose/ concentrations of these two mutagens produced less biological damage and would be suitable for inducing desirable attributes in Garden bean.

Cassava Mutation Breeding: Current Status and Trends

Abstract: Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is an important energy source in the diets of millions of people in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world, especially the poor Also its industrial uses are steadily growing for starch, animal feed and bio-ethanol Although it has high economic and social relevance, few major scientific efforts have been made to improve the crop until the 1970s With the goals and objectives of cassava improvement through breeding, different strategies have been developed during the last several decades, such as evaluation and selection of the local landraces, introduced germplasm (as clones or segregating F1 population), hybridization (including inbreeding by both recurrent back-cross schemes and double haploids (DH)), interspecific hybridization, polyploidy breeding, genetic transformation, use of molecular markers and mutation breeding Induced mutation breeding on cassava has been explored in the last several decades with few published papers Yet, the production of novel genotypes, such as high amylose and small granule mutants and mutants with tolerance to post harvest physiological deterioration (PPD), has been reported These results suggest that mutagenesis could be an effective alternative for cassava breeding However, many drawbacks still exist in cassava mutation breeding, such as the occurrence of chimeras Validated and developing protocols for different biotechnologies, such as TILLING protocol, cassava genome sequencing and cassava somatic embryogenesis, will significantly ameliorate the drawbacks to traditional mutation breeding, and consequently aid the routine application of induced mutation in both cassava improvement and in gene discovery and elucidation (author)

Dunaliella tertiolecta mutant strain with high growth rate and complex mutation breeding method thereof

Abstract: The invention relates to a method adopting ultraviolet mutation and high temperature and light to perform complex mutation on Dunaliella tertiolecta, which performs screening by using the growth rate of microalgae as an index under a normal culture condition to finally obtain a mutagenic strain ENN0001-1 with higher growth rate compared with a wild strain. After re-screening culture, the biomass (OD750) of the mutagenic strain is increased by 17.6 percent compared with the wild strain, and the chlorophyll content (OD680) is increased by 8 percent compared with the wild strain.

Molecular characterization of Helianthus tuberosus L. treated with ethyl methanesulfonate based on inter-simple sequence repeat markers

Abstract: Mutation breeding is one of the most effective techniques in plant breeding. Mutagens are used to induce variation in plants. Ethyl methanesulfonate is considered the most effective mutagen among chemical mutagens. The doses and treatment durations of the used mutagens become important to create an effective mutation. Four different doses of ethyl methanesulfonate (0.0, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6%) were used to treat the tuber eyes for two different time periods (3 and 6 h) in the present study. After treatment, molecular characterization was examined in plants developed from ethyl methanesulfonate-treated tuber eyes by inter-simple sequence repeat method in order to determine the genetic differences which ethyl methanesulfonate treatments led to create in plants. The research showed that there was a 7–48% similarity rate of the plants from the eyes treated with ethyl methanesulfonate. The genetic similarity rate was 7% between 0.4% dose of ethyl methanesulfonate for 3 h and its 0.2% dose for 6 h, but it was 82% for the control groups (untreated-ethyl methanesulfonate). The lowest similarity rate (10%) between control groups (untreated-ethyl methanesulfonate) and EMS treatments occurred at 0.4% dose of ethyl methanesulfonate for 3 h.