Topic
Mutation breeding
About: Mutation breeding is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 531 publications have been published within this topic receiving 6730 citations. The topic is also known as: variation breeding.
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01 Jan 2012
2 citations
TL;DR: Positive relationship between M1 injury and lethality with M2 macro- and micro-mutation frequency is indicated which may help in early prediction of mutation frequency.
Abstract: Mutation breeding requires handling of large population as chances of induction and detection of mutation in a particular gene is rare. This increases the cost of breeding and makes the selection procedure time consuming and tedious. Detection of effective mutagenic treated population in early generations, particularly in M1 generation is no doubt reduce the population load in subsequent generation and thus cost of breeding and provide better scope of selection. Hence, the present investigation was undertaken in greengram (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) using two varieties and the widely used physical mutagen gamma ray at five different doses to find out the possibility of existence of any relationship between M 1 estimates and M2 mutation frequency. Results of the study indicated positive relationship between M1 injury and lethality with M2 macro- and micro-mutation frequency which may help in early prediction of mutation frequency.
2 citations
TL;DR: The study shows that percentage germination as well as growth parameters were stimulated in the M1 seedlings but inhibited in theM2 and M2M1 populations, which revealed significant differences in germination and growth of these oil palm seedlings.
Abstract: Mutation induction has been used to generate genetic variability in most crop plants. This research was conducted to assess genetic variation induced by gamma radiation on the various treatment designated as M1, M2, M2M1 at 10 Gy. A randomised complete block design with four replicates was used for the experiment. Parameters such as percentage germination, root length, leaf area, plant height and stem/trunk circumference were taken from 4to 12-month seedlings after planting. Data was analysed using GenStat (12th edition), which revealed significant differences in germination and growth of these oil palm seedlings. The study shows that percentage germination as well as growth parameters were stimulated in the M1 seedlings but inhibited in the M2 and M2M1 populations.
2 citations
2 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a study was conducted to create induced variability and estimate mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency of physical and chemical mutagens in two sorghum cultivars, where Morphological and yield traits were analyzed for enhanced variability in qualitative and quantitative traits across two generations.
Abstract: Purpose Sorghum is an important cereal crop, cultivated for food, fodder and biofuel. Mutation breeding techniques are used to create genetic variability for qualitative and quantitative traits in crop plants. The purpose of this study was to create induced variability and estimate mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency of physical and chemical mutagens in two sorghum cultivars. Materials and methods Gamma rays (100, 200, 300 and 400 Gy, Co60 source, Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Mumbai, India), ethyl methane sulphonate (0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, and 0.4% EMS, Sigma-Aldrich, India) and their combinations were used to mutagenize 296B (rainy season) and Parbhani moti (post-rainy) cultivars. Morphological and yield traits were analyzed for enhanced variability in qualitative and quantitative traits across M2 and M3 generations. Results Based on the mutagenic sensitivity, lethal dose at 50% survivability (LD50) for both the genotypes was found to be 269-281 Gy in case of gamma rays and 0.32-0.33% for EMS. Based on reduced germination and survivability, mutagenic sensitivity was dose dependent and genotype independent. High frequency of chlorophyll mutations (albino, xantha, viridis, variegated and chlorine) were linearly correlated with dose in both the genotypes. Among the favorable mutants, dwarf and brown midrib were isolated from Parbhani moti population, which could be used in the cross breeding programs. A combined treatment, 100Gy +0.1% EMS showed high mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency. Enhanced genetic variation for quantitative traits as measured by wide range values and coefficient of variation was attributed to the effect of physical and chemical mutagens. Early flowering, high grain yield (24-49% increase over control) were identified in M2 and validated in M3 generation in both genotypes. Conclusions This study has revealed wide genetic variability and better effectiveness and efficiency of the physical (300 Gy) and chemical mutagens (0.2%) and their combination (200 Gy+ 0.2%) across two sorghum genotypes. Significant correlations identified between quantitative traits will help in better selection in the segregating generations.
2 citations