Mutation breeding

About: Mutation breeding is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 531 publications have been published within this topic receiving 6730 citations. The topic is also known as: variation breeding.

Studies on the Mutation Breeding of Naked Barley I. A New Mutant Variety "Radiation No. 6" and Several Promising Mutant Lines by Radiation

Abstract: 'Radiation No. 6' the first mutant variety of naked barley in Korea was developed from Bangju as .a mother variety. The new variety was characterized by early maturity, short-culm and stablized high yield by the increased number of spikes. 'Radiation No. 6' was registered as a leading variety in 1974, .after 7 years since induction of mutation started.of mutation started.

Breeding high-yield spinosad-producing strain by nitrogen ion implantation.

Abstract: Spinosad are natural macrolide compound,produced by Saccharopolyspora spinosa with aerobic fermentation.It is a new bio-pesticide with expansive foreground.In this study,low energy nitrogen ion implantation technology and rational selection were used to obtain high-yield spinosad strain.The results indicated that the survival rate curve took a "saddle" shape and 30 s×(2.6×1013) ions/cm2 implanted dose was used to further mutation and selection.According to the breeding of precursor and metabolite resistance,5 high spinosad-producing mutants were achieved,the top of which was 44% higher than the initial strain.This indicates that the technology is effective for high-yield fungus breeding.

Microwave mutation breeding new technology for crops

Abstract: The invention is a new technique for mutagenically breeding crops, adopting 2400-2500 MHz microwave with central wavelength 120 mm to radiate wet seeds, budding seeds, buds and growing points for a certain time, where the microwave can make mutagenesis on some specific DNA fragments of the crop cells to cause genetic variation of the crops, and especially, the 2450 MHz microwave has the best effect. By multi-generation oriented selection of single variational plant, it breeds a new stable variety of crop that has object character. As compared with laser mutagenesis, Co60 and space mutagenesis, it has good mutagenesis orientating property, low cost, simple and safe operation and high breeding efficiency.

Determination of mutagenic-sensitivity and induced variability in the mutant populations of ‘Bacardi’ chrysanthemum cultivar

Abstract: Mutation breeding is one of the most important breeding method for ornamental plants. Chrysanthemum is the genus that has the richest mutant varieties in ornamental plants. The objective of this study is to create variation by gamma irradiation and improving traits by mutation breeding. For this aim, in vitro bud explants of white Bacardi variety were irradiated by gamma radiation at 20 Gy (Gray). In vitro subcultures were continued until M1V4 period and observations were obtained in this period. Some changes were observed on heights and flowers of the plants such as; variable flowers, flowering time, differentiation on plant length, flower number per bunch and ray floret differentiations. The changes of the ray florets were determined as color changes to pink and yellow. Mutation frequency was calculated by 1.1% of the population. Approximately 0.9% of useful mutant lines determined from the selected mutants.

Genetic breeding and selection of mangoes in Pakistan

Abstract: Mango (Mangifera indica) belong to the family Anacardiaceane whose 40 species are found in South Asia and 13 of them are cultivated for edible fruits. The Mangifera indica varieties in Sindh are: Sindhri, Banganpali, Sawarnarika, Neelum, Desarhi, Langra, Alphonso, Siroli, and Chaunsa. Due to genetic erosion and biological diversity it is important to conserve the germplasm and improved rootstocks of mangoes and improve these varieties further, having desirable characters by genetic principles which help in plant breeding method e.g self and cross pollinated methods for breeding, breeding for disease resistance, breeding for quality trials and mutation breeding. There are mangoes ehich are self sterile and these could easily be used for crossing with various varieties of good characteristics. Plant breeding process require considering various factors e.g physiological (biomass, leaf area, specific leaf color and weight) and morphological characters e.g (flowering pattern, number of mature seed, vegetative growth which directly or indirectly influence on yield.) The selection of mangoes with desire characters is necessary, as it helps in removing inferior types and those prone to physiological disorder and select those varieties having greater market appeal and better cost benefits ratio. Plant science and biotechnology can improve mangoes production in various ways like: Making planting material available -Use of improved nursery practice -Development of new varieties (cultivars) -Breeding of new trials -Improvement of growth rate and yield -Management of root-stock -The selection and breeding practice depend upon: Regula cropping with good yields under favourable condition -Developed graft plants -Time of maturity, extension of ripening season -Attractive skin color -Fruit quality, taste, nutritional value -Mango rootstocks with tolerance to saline condition -Pest and disease susceptibility -Precocious bearing -Better harvesting methods -Tree growth and habit given more leaf to wood ratio -Regular bearing -Reduced amount of exuded sap. Tissue culture and somacloning could provide both rapid propagation of clones, plus an area for possible mutation manipulation particularly for selecting disease resistance. Cultivars propagated by stone grafting, veneer grafting and inarching grow faster than those propagated by stooling and air layering.