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Mycelium
About: Mycelium is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 8923 publications have been published within this topic receiving 170993 citations.
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TL;DR: Submerged conidiation of the entomogenous HyphomyceteBeauveria bassiana is reported and the morphology of these fungal structures is discussed and illustrated.
Abstract: Submerged conidiation of the entomogenous HyphomyceteBeauveria bassiana is reported Conidiogenous cells produce sympoduloconidia on conidiogenous cells in liquid shaker culture; hyphal bodies and mycelium fragments are also produced The morphology of these fungal structures is discussed and illustrated Several simple liquid media are tested for the production of conidia and hyphal bodies Maximum yields of conidia (170×106 conidia/ml) are produced in a medium consisting of sucrose (2%) — yeast extract (05%) and basal salts, and maximum yields of hyphal bodies (740×106 hyphal bodies/ml) in a sucrose (25%) — yeast extract (25%) medium
52 citations
TL;DR: Although interactions between microorganisms and silicon have been generally neglected, the results show that silicon compounds can increase fungal growth under both oligotrophic and nutrient-rich conditions.
51 citations
TL;DR: The Muscodor yucatanensis sp. nov. as discussed by the authors is a member of the Xylariales with high similarity to Muscodors albus and the related species muscodor vitigenus, but with distinct differences.
Abstract: During a study on the fungal endophytic associations with some trees of the secondary forest of El Eden Ecological Reserve located in the northeastern Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico, a new fungal species was isolated as an endophyte of a tree named chakah, chachah, or hukup (Bursera simaruba) by indigenous Mayas. This fungus is characterized by producing a strong musty odor and absence of reproductive structures. Cultures of this fungus on PDA form a whitish, flocculose colony with an uncolored reverse and a mycelium that grows slowly. Scanning electron microscopy photographs showed in aerial and submerged mycelium the early formation of unique intercalary swollen, thin-walled, rugulose hyphae. Based on morphological and DNA sequence analyses, the Mexican isolate is a member of the Xylariales with high similarity to Muscodor albus and the related species Muscodor vitigenus, but with distinct differences that is here described and illustrated as Muscodor yucatanensis sp. nov.
51 citations
TL;DR: The glucoheptaose 1 and theglucooctaose 2 have been synthesized using unambiguous methods and are identical with an elicitor-active heptasaccharide obtained from partially hydrolyzed mycelium of Phytophthora megasperma f.
51 citations
TL;DR: Analysis of the effect of Pen, an aqueous extract of the dry mycelium of Penicillium chrysogenum, on plant–pathogen interactions shows that Pen has interesting and unique properties as a plant protection agent, but more research is needed to further reduce its phytotoxic side effects.
Abstract: We have examined the effect of Pen, an aqueous extract of the dry mycelium of Penicillium chrysogenum, on plant–pathogen interactions. Pen controlled a broad range of pathogens on several crop plants under greenhouse and field conditions. Pen protected grapevine from downy and powdery mildew (caused by Plasmopara viticola and Uncinula necator), tomato from early blight (caused by Phytophthora infestans), onion from downy mildew (Peronospora destructor) and apple trees from apple scab (caused by Venturia inaequalis) to a similar extent as fungicides such as copper and sulphur or well-known inducers such as benzothiadiazole or β-aminobutyric acid. Pen had no major direct fungicidal effect and is thus supposed to protect plants by activating their defense mechanisms. The raw material for extraction of Pen was available in constant quality, a prerequisite for commercial application. Under certain conditions, Pen caused phytotoxic side effects. The symptoms mostly consisted of small necrotic spots or, more rarely, of larger necrotic areas. The development of the symptoms was dependent on several parameters, including concentration of Pen, the number of applications, the persistence on the plant tissue, the plant species and variety and environmental conditions. In grapevine, a partially purified fraction of Pen was much less toxic than the crude Pen extract, but protected the plants to a similar extent against P. viticola. Our data show that Pen has interesting and unique properties as a plant protection agent, but more research is needed to further reduce its phytotoxic side effects.
51 citations