Topic
Mycelium
About: Mycelium is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 8923 publications have been published within this topic receiving 170993 citations.
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TL;DR: A collection of about 200 actinomycete strains was screened for the ability to grow on fragmented Phytophthora mycelium and to produce metabolites that inhibit Phytophile growth, and eleven strains significantly reduced the root rot index when inoculated on raspberry plantlets.
Abstract: A collection of about 200 actinomycete strains was screened for the ability to grow on fragmented Phytophthora mycelium and to produce metabolites that inhibit Phytophthora growth. Thirteen strains were selected, and all produced (beta)-1,3-, (beta)-1,4-, and (beta)-1,6-glucanases. These enzymes could hydrolyze glucans from Phytophthora cell walls and cause lysis of Phytophthora cells. These enzymes also degraded other glucan substrates, such as cellulose, laminarin, pustulan, and yeast cell walls. Eleven strains significantly reduced the root rot index when inoculated on raspberry plantlets.
172 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors used malt waste produced during the brewing process as a medium for the growth of Lentinus edodes mycelium, which proved to be a suitable material for mycelial growth and for the production of high levels of laccase and manganese peroxidase, especially when mixed with oak wood chips.
172 citations
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TL;DR: The gene expression pattern and profiling of metabolites involved in the N pathway support the idea that the rapid uptake, translocation, and transfer of N by the fungus successively trigger metabolic gene expression responses in the extraradical mycelium, intraradicals, and host plant.
Abstract: The arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) brings together the roots of over 80% of land plant species and fungi of the phylum Glomeromycota and greatly benefits plants through improved uptake of mineral nutrients. AM fungi can take up both nitrate and ammonium from the soil and transfer nitrogen (N) to host roots in nutritionally substantial quantities. The current model of N handling in the AM symbiosis includes the synthesis of arginine in the extraradical mycelium and the transfer of arginine to the intraradical mycelium, where it is broken down to release N for transfer to the host plant. To understand the mechanisms and regulation of N transfer from the fungus to the plant, 11 fungal genes putatively involved in the pathway were identified from Glomus intraradices, and for six of them the full-length coding sequence was functionally characterized by yeast complementation. Two glutamine synthetase isoforms were found to have different substrate affinities and expression patterns, suggesting different roles in N assimilation. The spatial and temporal expression of plant and fungal N metabolism genes were followed after nitrate was added to the extraradical mycelium under N-limited growth conditions using hairy root cultures. In parallel experiments with 15N, the levels and labeling of free amino acids were measured to follow transport and metabolism. The gene expression pattern and profiling of metabolites involved in the N pathway support the idea that the rapid uptake, translocation, and transfer of N by the fungus successively trigger metabolic gene expression responses in the extraradical mycelium, intraradical mycelium, and host plant.
172 citations
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TL;DR: A role of GintZnT1 in Zn compartmentalization and in the protection of G. intraradices against Zn stress is suggested.
171 citations
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TL;DR: Aflatoxin is partially or completely degraded by irradiation, heat, or treatment with strong acids or bases, oxidizing agents or bisulfite, and rubratoxin can be degraded by the mycelium of Penicillium rubrum.
171 citations