Nanobiotechnology

About: Nanobiotechnology is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 796 publications have been published within this topic receiving 46309 citations. The topic is also known as: bionanotechnology & nanobiology.

Phytosynthesis of Nanoparticles and Its Applications - A Review

Abstract: The biosynthesis of nanoparticles is established as an emerging area of nanoscience research and development due to a growing need to develop environmentally benign method for nanoparticle synthesis. Biosynthetic methods using either biological microorganisms or plant extracts have emerged as a simple and viable alternative to chemical synthetic procedures and physical methods. Most of the chemical and physical methods are still in the developmental stage and various problems are often experienced with the stability of nanoparticles preparations, control of crystal growth and aggregation of particles. Recently, development of ecofriendly procedures for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles through plant mediated process is evolving an important branch of nanobiotechnology. It offers controlled synthesis of metal nanoparticle with well defined shape, size and composition. Plant parts such as leaf, root, latex, seed, and stem are being used for metal nanoparticle synthesis. Greener synthesis of nanoparticles provides advancement over other methods as it is simple, cost effective, stable for long time and reproducible. The nanoparticles are rapidly synthesized due to the exposure of metal salts to the plant extracts. The size and shape of nanoparticle are modulated by varying the ratio of metal salt, pH, temperature and concentration of the plant extract in the reaction medium. This review summarizes the phytosynthesis of nanoparticles, factors influencing its synthesis and its applications.

The synthesis of nanoparticles and nanowires by bio-template platform, cage-shaped protein supramolecules

Abstract: The nanotechnology is one of the hottest research areas and nano particle (NP) and nanowire (NW) are the fundamental components. We synthesize the nano-particles by the protein cage, apoferritin and Listeria ferritin. Bio-template methods for synthesis of nano-particles and nano-wire are most popular in bionanotechnology field. We can synthesize metal oxide nano-particles (Co, Ni, Cr nano-particles) and semiconductor nano-particles (CdSe, ZnSe) by using apoferritin with 7 nm diameter inner cavity. The synthesized nano-particles have the high quality and low dispersion. We will apply the synthesized nanoparticles to the nanoelectronics devices, for example, a floating gate memory. There are a lot of kinds protein cages to use as bio-template in nature world. Many researchers have been searched new bio-templates which has inner cavity and the special character. They also have been synthesized nano-particles in the many bio-template and studied the mechanism of the biomineralization. We would like to review the recent works relating the synthesis of NPs and NWs by supramoleculer protein cages and we also describe recent our work about the synthesis of nano-particles by bio-template. We will focus on the fusion of biotechnology and nano-technology in this manuscript.

Bionanotechnology application of polypeptides in a hair color product: Self-assembly enables expression, processing, and functionality

Abstract: Bionanotechnology aims to impart new properties to materials from unique functionalities present in biomolecules. However, the promise of bionanotechnology has not materialized beyond the biomedical field due in large part to issues of scalability, purity, and cost of manufacturing. In this work we demonstrate an approach to co-engineer production and system functionality into a single polypeptide. We designed a system to anchor particles onto hair via a multifunctional polypeptide composed of two domains, one with affinity to hair and the other capable of strong interactions with the particle surface. These strong interactions, exemplified by resistance to anionic surfactants, stem from the ability to self-assemble into higher order structures, which were observed by atomic force microscopy. At the same time, the controlled solubility properties of the particle binding domain permit the scalable production in Escherichia coli via inclusion bodies and cost effective purification. We believe this is a significant advance toward the development of bionanotechnology for industrial applications.