Nanobiotechnology

About: Nanobiotechnology is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 796 publications have been published within this topic receiving 46309 citations. The topic is also known as: bionanotechnology & nanobiology.

Single-Molecule Sizing through Nanocavity Confinement

Abstract: An approach relying on nanocavity confinement is developed in this paper for the sizing of nanoscale particles and single biomolecules in solution. The approach, termed nanocavity diffusional sizing (NDS), measures particle residence times within nanofluidic cavities to determine their hydrodynamic radii. Using theoretical modeling and simulations, we show that the residence time of particles within nanocavities above a critical time scale depends on the diffusion coefficient of the particle, which allows the estimation of the particle’s size. We demonstrate this approach experimentally through the measurement of particle residence times within nanofluidic cavities using single-molecule confocal microscopy. Our data show that the residence times scale linearly with the sizes of nanoscale colloids, protein aggregates, and single DNA oligonucleotides. NDS thus constitutes a new single molecule optofluidic approach that allows rapid and quantitative sizing of nanoscale particles for potential applications in nanobiotechnology, biophysics, and clinical diagnostics.

Localized nucleic acid delivery to living cells using nanobiotechnology approaches

Abstract: Nucleic acids delivered to cells are powerful research tools and promising therapeutics. Spatial and temporal control of delivery is essential for the efficacy, safety and specificity of the application. The shuttles for nucleic acid delivery, so-called vectors, are nanometric biological or synthetic entities comprising complex biological functionalities. We localize nucleic acid delivery exploiting carrier materials. These are on the one hand implantable biomaterials doted with vectors for tissue engineering purposes, on the other hand magnetic nanoparticles associated with vectors which can be magnetically directed to a target site. We pursue these approaches to provide novel tools for research and therapy.

The fabrication of DNA nanostructures and their applications in bionanotechnology

Abstract: D acid (DNA), as you may very well know, is the carrier of generic information in living cells, which can replicate itself through Watson-Crick base paring. However, over the past three decades, researchers in the emerging field of DNA nanotechnology have been using the DNA as structural nanomaterials, based on its unique molecular recognition properties and structural features, to build addressable artificial nanostructures in one, two and three dimensions. These selfassembled nanostructures have been used to precisely organize functional components into deliberately designed patterns which have a wide application potential in material science, biomedical, electronic and environmental fields. The development of DNA nanotechnology and its potential application will be covered. Then this talk will discuss the design and construction of several DNA nanostructures, including self-assembly of DNA six-helix nanotubes from two half-tube components; Using DNA origami template to organize semiconducting quantum dots (QDs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and discussing the methods to integrate “top-down” nanofabrication technique with “bottom-up” self-assembly.

Application of chemically modified oligonucleotides in nanopore sensing and DNA nano – biotechnology

Abstract: This thesis describes how targeted chemical modification can enhance the properties of nucleic acids for use in (i) nanopore analytics and (ii) nanobiotechnology In nanopore analytics, individual molecules are detected as they pass a nanoscale pore to give rise to detectable blockades in ionic current Despite progress in the sensing of a multitude of molecular species, the analytical resolution in the sensing of DNA is poor as individual bases in passing strands cannot be resolved due to the high speed of translocation Here a new approach is presented which slows down single stranded DNA and enables the detection of multiple separate bases Chemical tags are attached to bases, which cause a steric blockade each time a modified base passes a narrow pore The resulting characteristic current signatures are specific for the chemical composition and the size of the tags The unique electrical signatures can be exploited to encode sequence information as demonstrated for the discrimination between drug resistance-conferring point mutations In addition, the generation of nucleotides with tailored properties may help develop a fast nanopore approach to size highly repetitive DNA sequences for forensic applications In DNA nanobiotechnology, oligonucleotides are self-assembled via hybridization to generate higher-order structures of defined geometry Here, the functional range of DNA nanostructures is expanded by chemically modifying the constituent nucleic acids Firstly, tetrahedron-shaped nanostructures are demonstrated to act as a scaffold to assemble a multitude of different chemical groups at tunable stoichiometry and at geometrically defined sites The new molecular entities exhibit functional properties beneficial in biosensing and diagnostics In addition, an approach is presented to achieve self-assembly between DNA-strands via covalently attached tags that form reversible yet tight metal chelate complexes This chemical strategy to form supramolecular structures can potentially be extended to protein or peptide networks of interest in basic science and technology