Nanobiotechnology

About: Nanobiotechnology is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 796 publications have been published within this topic receiving 46309 citations. The topic is also known as: bionanotechnology & nanobiology.

Synthesis of Nanoparticles by Green Synthesis Method

Abstract: As an emphasis on the synergistic interaction of nanotechnology and nanobiotechnology, nanoparticles need to develop environmentally benign technologies in the synthesis of bio-synthesis and nanomaterialsMicroorganisms, plants and fungi can be used as biodegradable agent material inthis field work Thus, it was possible to develop a simple, fast and green method for the synthesis of nanoparticles Various strategies are used for the synthesis of nanoparticles Traditionally, physicochemical techniques have increased environmental con-cerns due to the reduction of metal ions followed by surface modification, toxiccompounds added for stability, and dangerous byproducts formed At the time of nanoparticle synthesis by adding chemical and physical methods at high temperature and pressure, reducing and stabilizing agents; nanoparticle synthesis by biological methods; room temperature and pres-sure, reducing and stabilizing agents are needed Green synthesis method; provides a faster metallic nanoparticle production by offering an environmentally friendly, simple, economi-cal and reproducible approach Given the wide range of applications of metallic nanoparticles produced, biological methods play a major role in the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles

Effects of DHLA-capped CdSe/ZnS quantum dots on the fibrillation of human serum albumin.

Abstract: Nanoparticles (NPs) are extremely small in size and possess very large surface areas, which gives them unique properties and applications distinct from those of bulk systems. When exposed to biological fluid, these NPs may become coated with proteins and other biomolecules given their dynamic nature. Hence, there is a significant possibility of an enhanced rate of protein fibrillation by utilizing the NPs as nucleation centers and, thus, promoting fibril formation. Protein fibrillation is closely associated with many fatal human diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases and a variety of systemic amyloidoses. This topic of protein-NP interaction brings about many key issues and concerns, especially with respect to the potential risks to human health and the environment. Herein, we demonstrate the effects of specific NPs, semiconductor quantum dots (QDs), in the process of protein fibril formation from samples of human serum albumin (HSA). The protein-NP systems are analyzed by time-lapse Thioflavin T spectroscopy, Congo red binding assays, circular dichroism (CD), protein fluorescence spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Our experimental results illustrate that an increased rate of fibrillation occurs following a thermally activated mechanism in conjunction with the addition of NPs into the protein system. These results give rise to the understanding and possibility of controlling biological self-assembly processes for use in nanobiotechnology and nanomedicine.

Emerging trends in nanobiotechnology.

Abstract: Nanobiotechnology, an exciting interdisciplinary field of science, is making rapid progress in recent years with the development of new kinds of materials with all the desired physico-chemical properties needed for their successful application in various fields, in particular, medicine. Nanomaterials find applications in different thrust areas of medicine like therapeutics, diagnostics, surgical devices/implants, novel drug delivery systems etc. Recent advancements in this field include the development of semiconductor nanocrystals called “Quantum Dots” (QDs) and their very recent modifications called “Cornell Dots” (CU). Both QDs and CUs have extra-ordinary physico-chemical properties and have either low or no toxicity at all depending on the type of shell coated around the heavy metal. Of late, the toxic heavy metal core is also being replaced suitably for avoiding any potential risk during the long accumulation periods of these particles in biological tissues. This review focuses on the emerging trends in the development of wide array of nanomaterials for biological applications. The areas of emphasis include mainly the QDs - their properties, toxicity studies and some of their biological applications like labeling of cellular structures/molecules, cell uptake, biocompatibility, bioconjugation etc. Also, a short note is added on Cornell dots. Key words: Nanobiotechnology, nanomaterials, quantum dots, Cornell dots, biological applications, biocompatibility, bioconjugation etc.

In situ Characterization of SiO2 Nanoparticle Biointeractions Using BrightSilica

Abstract: By adding a gold core to silica nanoparticles (BrightSilica), silica-like nanoparticles are generated that, unlike unmodified silica nanoparticles, provide three types of complementary information to investigate the silica nano-biointeraction inside eukaryotic cells in situ. Firstly, organic molecules in proximity of and penetrating into the silica shell in live cells are monitored by surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). The SERS data show interaction of the hybrid silica particles with tyrosine, cysteine and phenylalanine side chains of adsorbed proteins. Composition of the biomolecular corona of BrightSilica nanoparticles differs in fibroblast and macrophage cells. Secondly, quantification of the BrightSilica nanoparticles using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) micromapping indicates a different interaction of silica nanoparticles compared to gold nanoparticles under the same experimental conditions. Thirdly, the metal cores allow the investigation of particle distribution and interaction in the cellular ultrastructure by cryo nanoscale X-ray tomography (cryo-XT). In 3D reconstructions the assumption is confirmed that BrightSilica nanoparticles enter cells by an endocytotic mechanism. The high SERS intensities are explained by the beneficial plasmonic properties due to agglomeration of BrightSilica. The results have implications for the development of multi-modal qualitative and quantitative characterization in comparative nanotoxicology and bionanotechnology.