Nanobiotechnology

About: Nanobiotechnology is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 796 publications have been published within this topic receiving 46309 citations. The topic is also known as: bionanotechnology & nanobiology.

Reactive and Highly Submicron Magnetic Latexes for Bionanotechnology Applications

Abstract: Colloidal particles are largely used in biomedical applications as a solid support, as a carrier, as nanoreactors and as labels for target molecule detection. With the recent development of bionanotechnology, more appropriate colloidal particles should be elaborated. In this direction, new specification are listed in order to develop reactive nanoparticles to be use in microsystems, microfluids and all combined systems in which we can conduct sample preparation, specific capture, purification, concentration and detection in small volume (generally less than 100 μl). Then the aim of this short review is to give to the readers some recent orientations of reactive magnetic latex particles for in vitro bionanotechnology applications.

Synthesis and Characterization of Nanoparticles

Abstract: Synthesis of nanoparticles is a promising area of research in nanobiotechnology that aims to control the size, shape, and composition of nanoparticles, since each of these factors plays critical role in determining different applications.

Microbially Synthesized Nanoparticles: Scope and Applications

Abstract: The critical need for development of reliable and eco-friendly processes for synthesis of metallic nanoparticles has recently been realized in the field of nanotechnology. Increasing awareness toward green chemistry and biological ­processes has elicited a desire to explore environmentally friendly approaches for the synthesis of nanoparticles as a safer alternative to physical and chemical methods, which involves harsh conditions and use of hazardous chemicals. Therefore, the use of natural resources, including bacteria and fungi, has been exploited for cost-­effective and environmentally nonhazardous nanoparticle synthesis. The rich microbial diversity of bacteria and fungi contains the innate potential for the synthesis of nanoparticles and may be regarded as potential biofactories. In fact, microbial ­synthesis of nanoparticles has emerged as an important branch of nanobiotechnology. The synthesis of inorganic materials by biological systems occurs through remarkable processes at ambient temperature and pressures and neutral pH. Among the various biological systems, bacteria are relatively easy to manipulate genetically, whereas fungi have an advantage of easy handling during downstream processing and large-scale production. In spite of the successes achieved in biological synthesis of nanoparticles, there is still a need to improve the rate of synthesis and monodispersity of nanoparticles. Also, microbial cultivation and downstream processing techniques must be improved, and more efficient methods should be developed. Furthermore, in order to exploit the system to its maximum potential, it is essential to understand the biochemical and molecular mechanisms involved in nanoparticle synthesis. Delineation of specific genomic pathways and characterization of gene products involved in biosynthesis of nanoparticles are required. The underlying molecular mechanisms that mediate microbial synthesis of nanoparticles will help in understanding the molecular switches and factors necessary to control the size and shape, as well as crystallinity of nanoparticles. Indeed, biological systems are still relatively unexplored, and therefore, the opportunities are open for budding nanobiotechnologists to utilize nonpathogenic biological systems for metallic nanoparticle synthesis with commercial perspectives.