Nanobiotechnology

About: Nanobiotechnology is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 796 publications have been published within this topic receiving 46309 citations. The topic is also known as: bionanotechnology & nanobiology.

Protein adsorption onto nanomaterials engineered for theranostic applications

Abstract: The key role of biomolecule adsorption onto engineered nanomaterials for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes has been well recognized by the nanobiotechnology community, and our mechanistic understanding of nano-bio interactions has greatly advanced over the past decades. Attention has recently shifted to gaining active control of nano-bio interactions, so as to enhance the efficacy of nanomaterials in biomedical applications. In this review, we summarize progress in this field and outline directions for future development. First, we briefly review fundamental knowledge about the intricate interactions between proteins and nanomaterials, as unraveled by a large number of mechanistic studies. Then, we give a systematic overview of the ways that protein-nanomaterial interactions have been exploited in biomedical applications, including the control of protein adsorption for enhancing the targeting efficiency of nanomedicines, the design of specific protein adsorption layers on the surfaces of nanomaterials for use as drug carriers, and the development of novel nanoparticle array-based sensors based on nano-bio interactions. We will focus on particularly relevant and recent examples within these areas. Finally, we conclude this topical review with an outlook on future developments in this fascinating research field.

Biogenic Nanoparticles as Novel Sustainable Approach for Plant Protection

Abstract: Around the world due to plant diseases, the amount of crop decreases annually. Different natural and synthetic approaches to manage and reduce damage diseases are used, out of which using nanoparticles is one of them. In the last decades, interest in research on using nanoparticles has increased because of the global concern about environmental pollution. A variety of traditional physical and chemical processes are used to produce nanoscale materials, but nowadays environment-friendly green chemistry-based techniques are available to biologically synthesize materials. Recently, nanotechnology and biology have convergence to create a new field called nanobiotechnology which incorporates the use of biological entities such as actinomycetes, algae, bacteria, fungi, viruses, yeasts, and plants in a number of processes, either biochemical or biophysical. Nanobiotechnology processes have a significant potential to boost nanoparticle production and reduce the use of harsh, toxic, and expensive chemicals that are commonly used in the conventional physical and chemical processes of production.

Advances in nanobiotechnology-propelled multidrug resistance circumvention of cancer.

Abstract: Multidrug resistance (MDR) is one of the main reasons for the failure of tumor chemotherapy and has a negative influence on the therapeutic effect. MDR is primarily attributable to two mechanisms: the activation of efflux pumps for drugs, which can transport intracellular drug molecules from cells, and other mechanisms not related to efflux pumps, e.g., apoptosis prevention, strengthened DNA repair, and strong oxidation resistance. Nanodrug-delivery systems have recently attracted much attention, showing some unparalleled advantages such as drug targeting and reduced drug efflux, drug toxicity and side effects in reversing MDR. Notably, in drug-delivery platforms based on nanotechnology, multiple therapeutic strategies are integrated into one system, which can compensate for the limitations of individual strategies. In this review, the mechanisms of tumor MDR as well as common vectors and nanocarrier-combined therapy strategies to reverse MDR were summarized to promote the understanding of the latest progress in improving the efficiency of chemotherapy and synergistic strategies. In particular, the adoption of nanotechnology has been highlighted and the principles underlying this phenomenon have been elucidated, which may provide guidance for the development of more effective anticancer strategies.

Novel coating of micro-nanoprojection patches for targeted vaccine delivery to skin

Abstract: This study presents a simple, versatile and controllable method to achieve uniform coating on very small and densely packed micro-nanoprojections for epidermal immunotherapeutic delivery.