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Nanofluid
About: Nanofluid is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 23986 publications have been published within this topic receiving 677384 citations.
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TL;DR: In this paper, an experimental investigation on the effects of temperature and nanoparticles concentration on the thermal conductivity of ZnO-TiO2/EG hybrid nanofluids is presented.
Abstract: The hybrid nanofluids are novel nanofluids and can be prepared by suspending various kinds of nanoparticles in base fluid. In this paper, an experimental investigation on the effects of temperature and nanoparticles concentration on the thermal conductivity of ZnO–TiO2/EG hybrid nanofluids is presented. The experiments were implemented at temperature ranging from 25 to 50 °C and solid volume fraction range of 0–3.5 %. Experiments indicate that the thermal conductivity enhances with increasing the solid volume fraction and temperature. It was found that the variation of thermal conductivity enhancement of nanofluids with solid volume fraction at higher temperatures is greater than that at lower temperature. Moreover, it can be also seen that the variation of thermal conductivity enhancement of nanofluids with temperature at higher solid volume fraction is more than that at lower solid volume fraction. Finally, based on experimental data, in order to predict the thermal conductivity ratio of ZnO–TiO2/EG hybrid nanofluids, a correlation was proposed. Deviation analysis of the thermal conductivity ratio was also performed. Comparison between experimental data and the proposed correlation outputs revealed that this correlation has a good accuracy.
337 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a linear instability analysis is used to solve the problem of the onset of bioconvection in a horizontal layer filled with a nanofluid that also contains gyrotactic microorganisms.
337 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of the nanoparticle volume fraction, Reynolds number, expansion ratio and power law index on Hydrothermal behavior of nanofluid fluid between two parallel plates is studied.
336 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present the results of imbibition tests using a reservoir crude oil and a reservoir brine solution with a high salinity and a suitable nanofluid that displaces crude oil from Berea sandstone (water-wet) and single-glass capillaries.
Abstract: This paper presents the results of imbibition tests using a reservoir crude oil and a reservoir brine solution with a high salinity and a suitable nanofluid that displaces crude oil from Berea sandstone (water-wet) and single-glass capillaries. The Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT) nanofluid is specially formulated to survive in a high-salinity environment and is found to result in an efficiency of 50% for Berea sandstone, compared to 17% using the brine alone at a reservoir temperature of 55 °C. We also present a direct visual evidence of the underlying mechanism based on the structural disjoining pressure for the crude oil displacement using IIT nanofluid from the solid substrate in high-salinity brine. These results aid our understanding of the role of the nanofluid in displacing crude oil from the rock, especially in a high-salinity environment containing Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions. Results are also reported using Berea sandstone and a nanofluid containing silica nanoparticles.
336 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the impact of using fins and nano-sized materials on performance of discharging system was investigated, and the mathematical model has been offered in the form of PDE's, which were solved using Galerkin FEM.
336 citations