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Nanomedicine
About: Nanomedicine is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4287 publications have been published within this topic receiving 200647 citations.
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TL;DR: Single-walled carbon nanotubes can now effectively target tumours in mice, which suggests that nanot tubes could form the basis of a safe drug-delivery system for cancer therapy.
Abstract: Single-walled carbon nanotubes can now effectively target tumours in mice, which suggests that nanotubes could form the basis of a safe drug-delivery system for cancer therapy.
70 citations
TL;DR: In a model of metastatic breast cancer, this technique allows quantification of the biodistribution of a radiolabeled stealth liposomal nanomedicine containing alendronate that shows high uptake in primary tumors and metastatic organs.
Abstract: The clinical value of current and future nanomedicines can be improved by introducing patient selection strategies based on noninvasive sensitive whole-body imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography (PET). Thus, a broad method to radiolabel and track preformed nanomedicines such as liposomal drugs with PET radionuclides will have a wide impact in nanomedicine. Here, we introduce a simple and efficient PET radiolabeling method that exploits the metal-chelating properties of certain drugs (e.g., bisphosphonates such as alendronate and anthracyclines such as doxorubicin) and widely used ionophores to achieve excellent radiolabeling yields, purities, and stabilities with 89Zr, 52Mn, and 64Cu, and without the requirement of modification of the nanomedicine components. In a model of metastatic breast cancer, we demonstrate that this technique allows quantification of the biodistribution of a radiolabeled stealth liposomal nanomedicine containing alendronate that shows high uptake in primary tumors...
70 citations
TL;DR: By combining targeted molecular imaging and localized drug delivery, PFC nanoparticles provide diagnosis and therapy with a single agent.
Abstract: Perfluorocarbon (PFC) nanoparticles can serve as a platform technology for molecular imaging and targeted drug-delivery applications. These nanoparticles are approximately 250 nm in diameter and are encapsulated in a phospholipid shell, which provides an ideal surface for the incorporation of targeting ligands, imaging agents and drugs. For molecular imaging, PFC nanoparticles can carry very large payloads of gadolinium to detect pathological biomarkers with magnetic resonance imaging. A variety of different epitopes, including alpha(v)beta(3)-integrin, tissue factor and fibrin, have been imaged using nanoparticles formulated with appropriate antibodies or peptidomimentics as targeting ligands. Lipophilic drugs can also be incorporated into the outer lipid shell of nanoparticles for targeted delivery. Upon binding to the target cell, the drug is exchanged from the particle surfactant monolayer to the cell membrane through a novel process called 'contact facilitated drug delivery'. By combining targeted molecular imaging and localized drug delivery, PFC nanoparticles provide diagnosis and therapy with a single agent.
70 citations
TL;DR: The synthesis techniques, physicochemical characteristics, evaluation tools, techniques used to generate three-dimensional structures, and the various biomedical applications of ZnO nanoparticles are discussed.
Abstract: Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles have been studied as metal-based drugs that may be used for biomedical applications due to the fact of their biocompatibility. Their physicochemical properties, which depend on synthesis techniques involving physical, chemical, biological, and microfluidic reactor methods affect biological activity in vitro and in vivo. Advanced tool-based physicochemical characterization is required to identify the biological and toxicological effects of ZnO nanoparticles. These nanoparticles have variable morphologies and can be molded into three-dimensional structures to enhance their performance. Zinc oxide nanoparticles have shown therapeutic activity against cancer, diabetes, microbial infection, and inflammation. They have also shown the potential to aid in wound healing and can be used for imaging tools and sensors. In this review, we discuss the synthesis techniques, physicochemical characteristics, evaluation tools, techniques used to generate three-dimensional structures, and the various biomedical applications of ZnO nanoparticles.
70 citations
TL;DR: What is known about toxicity in experimental nanoparticles for ocular therapeutics is surveyed to illustrate a range of toxic effects of nanoparticles in the eye.
Abstract: What do nanoparticles offer drug delivery to the eye that traditional formulations do not? The underlying concept of nanomedicine is that the nanomaterials have properties that their constituent components do not have These unique properties are the benefit, but the cost can be more a complicated toxicology assessment Ocular delivery of therapeutic nanoparticles has the potential to greatly increase the quality of life through maintaining our vision The eye is composed of multiple tissue types, ie, epithelium, muscle, immune cells, neural cells, and blood vessels, to name a few Ocular diseases affect many of these tissues at once Introduce novel therapeutic nanoparticles and determining mechanisms of toxicity becomes challenging This review is a survey of what is known about toxicity in experimental nanoparticles for ocular therapeutics Specific cases are chosen to illustrate a range of toxic effects of nanoparticles in the eye There is a unique research opportunity for in-depth toxicology studies of nanoparticles in the eye This has been made possible by the rapid development of therapeutic nanoparticles in the last few years WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2010 2 317–333
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70 citations