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Nanomedicine
About: Nanomedicine is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4287 publications have been published within this topic receiving 200647 citations.
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TL;DR: The behavior of ultrasmall AuGSH in vitro was examined, focusing on their ability to resist aggregation and adsorption from serum proteins, and disparate behaviors depending on nanoparticle size were revealed.
Abstract: Recent in vivo studies have established ultrasmall (<3 nm) gold nanoparticles coated with glutathione (AuGSH) as a promising platform for applications in nanomedicine. However, systematic in vitro investigations to gain a more fundamental understanding of the particles' biointeractions are still lacking. Herein we examined the behavior of ultrasmall AuGSH in vitro, focusing on their ability to resist aggregation and adsorption from serum proteins. Despite having net negative charge, AuGSH particles were colloidally stable in biological media and able to resist binding from serum proteins, in agreement with the favorable bioresponses reported for AuGSH in vivo. However, our results revealed disparate behaviors depending on nanoparticle size: particles between 2 and 3 nm in core diameter were found to readily aggregate in biological media, whereas those strictly under 2 nm were exceptionally stable. Molecular dynamics simulations provided microscopic insight into interparticle interactions leading to aggregation and their sensitivity to the solution composition and particle size. These results have important implications, in that seemingly small variations in size can impact the biointeractions of ultrasmall AuGSH, and potentially of other ultrasmall nanoparticles as well.
65 citations
TL;DR: In the hematology field, nanotechnology can counter multiple drug resistance in leukemia by blocking drug efflux from cancer cells, and provide effective delivery of siRNA into lymphocytes to block apoptosis in sepsis.
65 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the surface decoration of gold nanorods for final nanomedicine applications, as well as progress in therapy and diagnosis relying on the functionalization of these nanosystems is summarized and discussed.
Abstract: Gold nanorods (GNRs) are appealing nanostructures for a wide variety of nanomedicine-based diagnostic and therapeutic approaches against untreatable diseases. Indeed, they possess unique and extraordinary optical features, which if conveniently stressed, would bring several benefits to non-invasive theranostic treatments. Major concerns regarding their practical application are derived not directly from GNRs but from molecules linked onto their surface, which could be source of toxicity as well as powerful allies for treatments' enhancement. Thus, specific and tailored surface modification of GNRs with several active moieties has become a crucial factor for their development. In this review, crucial breakthroughs and major possibilities deriving from the surface decoration of GNRs for final nanomedicine applications, as well as progress in therapy and diagnosis relying on the functionalization of these nanosystems will be summarized and discussed.
65 citations
TL;DR: The synthetic versatility of dendritic molecules has enabled the synthesis of a wide array of DNA binders and delivery vehicles, with different advantages, and this versatility forms the basis for optimism that the dendrite approach may well yield active, highly targeted delivery vectors, suitable for in vivo application in gene therapy.
Abstract: This article focuses on the ability of dendritic molecules to interact with nucleic acids and hence deliver them into cells. Dendritic molecules have branched structures which are made by an iterative, layer-by-layer synthesis. The control applied in their synthesis means that dendrimers are well-defined nanoscale molecular species - ideal for interacting with nanoscale bio-targets such as DNA/RNA. Binding and delivery of genetic material into cells in vivo holds out the prospect of gene therapy, and we will consider the potential advantages of dendritic vectors in this field of nanomedicine. As this article illustrates, the synthetic versatility of dendritic molecules has enabled the synthesis of a wide array of DNA binders and delivery vehicles, with different advantages. This versatility forms the basis for optimism that the dendritic approach may well yield active, highly targeted delivery vectors, suitable for in vivo application in gene therapy.
65 citations
TL;DR: An overview of the recent advances of nanotechnology in the aspects of imaging and drug delivery can be found in this paper, where the authors provide an overview of some of the most common common diseases, including cardiovascular diseases and cancer.
Abstract: Nanotechnology is the exploitation of the unique properties of materials at the nanoscale. Nanotechnology has gained popularity in several industries, as it offers better built and smarter products. The application of nanotechnology in medicine and healthcare is referred to as nanomedicine, and it has been used to combat some of the most common diseases, including cardiovascular diseases and cancer. The present review provides an overview of the recent advances of nanotechnology in the aspects of imaging and drug delivery.
65 citations