Nanomedicine

About: Nanomedicine is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4287 publications have been published within this topic receiving 200647 citations.

A contemporary review on - polymer stereocomplexes and its biomedical application

Abstract: Nanomedicine is the most emerging, multi- disciplinary field of research that is gaining popularity in recent years. Nanomedicine encompasses medical applications of nanomaterials, nanoelectronic biosen- sors including future applications of molecular nano- technology. Nanomedical approaches to drug delivery, wound healing and treatment of certain diseases center on developing nanoscale particles such as sterocom- plexed polymers and hydrogels or similar molecules to improve drug bioavailability. These polymers are bio- degradable, bioactive, biocompatible and their strong interactions with the drug help in sustained release of the drug for longer periods. The formulation of these drugs and sterocomplexed polymers to be used as con- trolled drug delivery system are discussed in this tutorial review. Polymer stereocomplexes have a great promise in sustained delivery of human growth hormone, insu- lin, Leuprolide, Bupivacaine, Dexamethanosone, Doxo- rubicin, Haloperidol and vaccines. Various novel ideas of drug delivery into eye, uterus (birth control), targeted cancer therapy and brain diseases (Parkinson ' s and Alz- heimer ' s diseases).

A multifunctional poly(curcumin) nanomedicine for dual-modal targeted delivery, intracellular responsive release, dual-drug treatment and imaging of multidrug resistant cancer cells.

Abstract: A multifunctional anti-cancer nanomedicine based on a biotin–poly(ethylene glycol)–poly(curcumin-dithio dipropionic acid) (Biotin–PEG–PCDA) polymeric nanocarrier loaded with paclitaxel (PTX), magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and quantum dots (QDs) is developed. It combines advantageous properties of efficient targeted delivery and uptake (via biotin and MNP), intracellular responsive release (via cleavable PCDA polymer), fluorescence imaging (via QD) and combined PTX-curcumin dual-drug treatment, allowing for overcoming drug resistance mechanisms of model multidrug resistant breast cancer cells (MCF-7/ADR). The PTX/MNPs/QDs@Biotin–PEG–PCDA nanoparticles are highly stable under physiological conditions, but are quickly disassembled to release their drug load in the presence of 10 mM glutathione (GSH). The nanoparticles show high uptake by tumour cells from a combined effect of magnet targeting and biotin receptor-mediated internalization. Moreover, curcumin, an intracellularly cleaved product of PCDA, can effectively down regulate the expression of drug efflux transporters such as P-glycoprotein (P-gp) to increase PTX accumulation within target cancer cells, thereby enhancing PTX induced cytotoxicity and therapeutic efficacy against MCF-7/ADR cells. Taken together, this novel tumour-targeting and traceable multifunctional nanomedicine is highly effective against model MDR cancer at the cellular level.

Delafossite Nanoparticle as New Functional Materials: Advances in Energy, Nanomedicine and Environmental Applications

Abstract: Recently, numerous delafossite oxides in nanoscale have been reported for diverse applications. The present review summarized the recent overall views of delafossite nanoparticles in diverse applications such as energy, catalysis, photocatalysis, nanomedicine, sensors, electrochemical devices and environmental concerns. Delafossite nanoparticles possess unique features such as different and wide chemical composition, large surface area, small energy gap, ability for further functionalization, possess dual-active sites with different oxidation states (A+ and M3+), and eager for doping with various species with feasibility to undergo structure modification. Thus, they provided promising application such as solar cell, photocatalysis, hydrogen production, bioactive materials, separation purposes and others. Pros, cons, current and future status were also reviewed.

Bacteriogenic Platinum Nanoparticles for Application in Nanomedicine.

Abstract: Nanoscale materials have recently gained wide attention due to their potential to revolutionize many technologies and industrial sectors, including information technology, homeland security, transportation, energy, food safety, environmental science, catalysis, photonics and medicine. Among various nanoparticles, platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) are widely used for biomedical applications, including imaging, implants, photothermal therapy and drug delivery. Indeed, PtNPs possesses intrinsic antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. Also, due to their remarkable catalytic activity, they are able to reduce the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and impair the downstream pathways leading to inflammation. Various approaches, including both physical and chemical methods, are currently employed for synthesis of PtNPs. However, the use of hazardous reaction conditions and toxic chemicals in these processes poses a potential threat to the environment and severely compromise the biocompatibility of the nanoparticles. Hereby, increasing need for exploitation of novel routes for synthesis of PtNPs has led to development of biological fabrication using microbes, specifically bacteria. Herein, we present a most comprehensive report on biogenesis of PtNPs by several bacteria like Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Desulfovibrio alaskensis, Escherichia coli, Shewanella algae, Plectonema boryanum, etc. An overview of the underlying mechanisms of both enzymatic and non-enzymatic methods of synthesis is included. Moreover, this review highlights the scope of developing optimized process to control the physicochemical properties, such as the nanoparticle surface chemistry, charge, size and shape, which, in turn, may affect their nanotoxicity and response at the biointerface for nanomedicine applications.