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Natural disaster

About: Natural disaster is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5456 publications have been published within this topic receiving 104808 citations. The topic is also known as: natural calamity & natural hazard.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors assess the interaction of risk and vulnerability by investigating a single hazard, the tornado, by integrating projected residential built environment data and modeled future severe weather environments and found that the combination of both an increase in risk and exposure may lead to a threefold increase in median annual tornado impact magnitude and disaster potential from 2010 to 2100.
Abstract: While risk and associated hazard characteristics are important components of disaster formation, the consequences of hazards are often driven by underlying human and built-environment vulnerabilities. Yet, there has been little research conducted on how the evolving contributors of risk and vulnerability commingle to produce disaster potential. In this study, we assess the interaction of risk and vulnerability by investigating a single hazard, the tornado. How future changes in risk and vulnerability influence tornado disaster probability is estimated by integrating, for the first time, projected residential built environment data and modeled future severe weather environments. Results suggest that, although the projected twenty-first century escalation in tornado risk will play a role in increasing disaster consequences and frequency, growth in the human-built environment is projected to outweigh the effects of increased risk on future tornado disaster potential. While changes in societal exposure are projected to overshadow potential climate change-driven alterations in tornado risk, the combination of both an increase in risk and exposure may lead to a threefold increase in median annual tornado impact magnitude and disaster potential from 2010 to 2100.

43 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors enlarge the discussion of regional economic resilience in the face of natural disasters through the construction of the indices of resistance and recovery for Japanese prefectures stricken by major earthquakes.
Abstract: In recent years, the study of resilience of regional and local systems has become a popular topic in relation to the increasing of economic, social and environmental shocks. Despite the theoretical framework has been enriched through definitions and empirical investigations, accordance in measurement is still missing. This paper aims to enlarge the discussion of regional economic resilience in the face of natural disasters through the construction of the indices of resistance and recovery for Japanese prefectures stricken by major earthquakes. These measures may help to identify changes in employment due to the occurrence of a natural shock.

43 citations

03 Aug 2006
TL;DR: The National Council on Disability offers these findings on the impact of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita on people with disabilities to guide the President, Congress, and other emergency planners to develop inclusive emergency preparedness and response plans.
Abstract: Synopsis Hurricanes Katrina and Rita devastated the lives of many people who lived in the Gulf Coast region. Fortunately, millions of Americans opened their homes and their hearts to hurricane survivors while local, state, and federal government employees worked around the clock to evacuate and rescue people. With almost a year since the Hurricanes made landfall and wreaked havoc on the lives of many, we now have a clearer understanding of what went right, as well as what went wrong, with the response and recovery efforts. As this report will demonstrate, people with disabilities were disproportionately affected by the Hurricanes because their needs were often overlooked or completely disregarded. Their evacuation, shelter, and recovery experiences differed vastly from the experiences of people without disabilities. People with disabilities were often unable to evacuate because transportation was inaccessible. For example, most evacuation busses did not have wheelchair lifts. Moreover, people with visual and hearing disabilities were unable to obtain necessary information pertinent to their safety because said communication did not comply with federal law. To ensure that people with disabilities do not experience similar injustices during future catastrophes, emergency plans must acknowledge and address the difficulties experienced by people with disabilities discussed within this report, as well as include people with disabilities in rebuilding efforts. The National Council on Disability (NCD) offers these findings on the impact of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita on people with disabilities to guide the President, Congress, and other emergency planners to develop inclusive emergency preparedness and response plans. Introduction Scope This paper focuses on the effects of the hurricanes on people with all types of disabilities. NCD recently released another report that addressed in detail the specific challenges for people with psychiatric disabilities. Please refer to The Needs of People with Psychiatric Disabilities During and After Hurricanes Katrina and Rita: Position Paper and Recommendations for a more detailed report about the population of mental health consumers affected by the hurricanes. 1 Additionally, although the focus is on the emergency preparedness and response to Hurricanes Katrina and Rita, many of the problems addressed in this paper are systemic in nature and were not caused solely by the hurricanes. The challenges faced by people with disabilities during and 3 after the Hurricanes, while unique in scope and proportion, were similar to the challenges people with disabilities face on a day-today basis. Therefore, many of the findings and recommendations related …

43 citations

Book ChapterDOI
25 Apr 2012
TL;DR: Intelligent Transportation Systems including Vehicular Ad hoc Networks, mobile and Cloud Computing technologies to propose an intelligent disaster management system that is able to gather information from multiple sources and locations, including from the point of incident, and let vehicles make effective strategies and decisions of communication protocols usage.
Abstract: The importance of emergency response systems cannot be overemphasized today due to the many manmade and natural disasters in the recent years such as September 2001 and the recent Japan earthquake and tsunami disaster. The overall cost of the Japan disaster alone is estimated to have exceeded 300 billion USD. Transportation and telecommunications play a critical role in disaster response and management in order to minimize loss of human life, economic cost and disruptions. Our research is concerned with developing emergency response systems for disasters of various scales with a focus on transportation systems, which exploit ICT developments. In this paper, we leverage Intelligent Transportation Systems including Vehicular Ad hoc Networks, mobile and Cloud Computing technologies to propose an intelligent disaster management system. The system is intelligent because it is able to gather information from multiple sources and locations, including from the point of incident, and is able to let vehicles make effective strategies and decisions of communication protocols usage. Hybrid vehicular communications based on vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure protocols are opportunistically exploited. The effectiveness of our system is demonstrated through modelling the impact of a disaster on a real city transport environment and comparing it with the case where our disaster management system was in place. We report great benefits derived from the adoption of our proposed system in terms of improved and balanced traffic flow and smooth evacuation.

42 citations

Posted Content
TL;DR: This paper showed that US hurricanes lead to substantial increases in non-disaster government transfers, such as unemployment insurance and public medical payments, in affected counties in the decade after a hurricane The present value of this increase significantly exceeds that of direct disaster aid, which implies that the fiscal costs of natural disasters have been significantly underestimated and that victims in developed countries are better insured against them than previously thought.
Abstract: Little is known about the fiscal costs of natural disasters, especially regarding social safety nets that do not specifically target extreme weather events This paper shows that US hurricanes lead to substantial increases in non-disaster government transfers, such as unemployment insurance and public medical payments, in affected counties in the decade after a hurricane The present value of this increase significantly exceeds that of direct disaster aid This implies, among other things, that the fiscal costs of natural disasters have been significantly underestimated and that victims in developed countries are better insured against them than previously thought

42 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20249
2023861
20221,970
2021293
2020348
2019337