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Natural disaster

About: Natural disaster is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5456 publications have been published within this topic receiving 104808 citations. The topic is also known as: natural calamity & natural hazard.


Papers
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10 Jun 2008
TL;DR: This paper proposed a quantitative and qualitative research methodology that can be used to operationalize the concept and assess the determinants of regional economic resilience, using implicit definitions used in the limited literature on economic resilience and on more explicit treatments of the concept in the ecological literature.
Abstract: Although the literature on regional macroeconomics continues to emphasize the analysis of economic growth, the concept of economic resilience is of increasing interest to policymakers. The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, and Hurricane Katrina in 2005 focused attention on the ability of regional economies to respond to human-made and natural disasters (Chernick 2005, Liu and Plyer 2007). The steep losses of U.S. manufacturing jobs since 2000, especially in the Great Lakes Region, have prompted a great deal of concern about how regional economies experiencing those losses can rebound (Wial and Friedhoff 2005, Wial 2007, McGahey and Vey 2008). Despite the growing importance of the idea of economic resilience, the concept has not been carefully defined or measured. Drawing on implicit definitions used in the limited literature on economic resilience and on more explicit treatments of the concept in the ecological literature, this paper begins by outlining some possible meanings of regional economic resilience. Using these definitions, it then describes in more detail a quantitative and qualitative research methodology that can be used to operationalize the concept and assess the determinants of regional economic resilience.

146 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded that more than half the housing units in Dade County were damaged by Hurricane Andrew; more than 353,000 people were forced to leave their homes, at least temporarily; and that almost 40,000People left the county permanently as a direct result of the hurricane.
Abstract: Many studies have considered the economic, social, and psychological effects of hurricanes, earthquakes, floods, tornadoes, and other natural disasters, but few have considered their demographic effects. In this paper we describe and evaluate a method for measuring the effects of Hurricane Andrew on the housing stock and population distribution in Dade County, Florida. Using information collected through sample surveys and from other data sources, we investigate the extent of housing damages, the number of people forced out of their homes, where they went, how long they stayed, and whether they returned to their prehurricane residences. We conclude that more than half the housing units in Dade County were damaged by Hurricane Andrew; that more than 353,000 people were forced to leave their homes, at least temporarily; and that almost 40,000 people left the county permanently as a direct result of the hurricane. We believe that this study will provide methodological guidance to analysts studying the demographic effects of other large-scale natural disasters.

145 citations

MonographDOI
24 Jun 2014
TL;DR: In this article, the authors summarized the lessons learned from the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami and provided guidance to other disaster-prone countries for mainstreaming disaster risk management in their development policies.
Abstract: On March 11, 2011, an earthquake of magnitude 9.0 occurred in the Pacific Ocean off the coast of Japan's Tohoku region. The Great East Japan Earthquake was the first disaster ever recorded that included an earthquake, a tsunami, a nuclear power plant accident, a power supply failure, and a large-scale disruption of supply chains. This report consolidates the set of 36 Knowledge Notes, research results of the joint study undertaken by the Government of Japan and the World Bank. It summarizes the lessons learned from the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami and provides guidance to other disaster-prone countries for mainstreaming disaster risk management in their development policies. It is clear that financial resources alone are not sufficient to deal with disasters and to spur development. Technical assistance and capacity building are equally important. In Japan's case, the project learned how communities can play a critical role in preparing for and coping with natural disasters. Communities can help prevent damage from spreading, maintain social order, and provide support to the vulnerable. Only through technical cooperation can such know-how be passed on to other countries and be adapted to their local circumstances. The chapters that make up the main body of this report are built around the disciplines employed in the traditional disaster risk management cycle. Grouped into seven thematic clusters that track that cycle, the chapters treat structural measures (part 1) and nonstructural measures (part 2) as preventive options. Also covered is the emergency responses put in place after March 11 (part 3) and described the planning behind the reconstruction process (part 4). The handling of risk assessment and communication before and after the disaster are the subject of part 5. Part 6 deals with risk financing, insurance, and fiscal and financial management; part 7 with the progress of recovery and relocation.

145 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: More than 35 major Presidential disaster declarations, including those for hurricanes Katrina and Rita, already have been declared across the United States in 2005 as mentioned in this paper, which is a harbinger of another costly year for natural disasters.
Abstract: More than 35 major Presidential disaster declarations, including those for hurricanes Katrina and Rita, already have been declared across the United States in 2005. This is a harbinger of another costly year for natural disasters. While losses from the 2004 hurricane season are still being tallied, estimates suggest that each Florida hurricane last year was responsible for more than $5 billion in damages (http://www.ncdc.gov/oa/reports/billionz. html). This year (2005) may prove to be the costliest ever. To see whether the years 2004–2005 are unique or are the continuation of an increasing trend in disaster losses over time, spatial and temporal trends in natural hazards losses for the United States (1960–2003) were examined and compared with the geographic patterns of Presidential disaster declarations.

144 citations

01 Mar 1971
TL;DR: In this article, the conditions under which conflict and cooperation emerge at times of major emergency have been investigated at the disaster research center at The Ohio State University, where the focus has been on the urban community and the major organizations and groups likely to be involved in collective response to a larger-scale disaster.
Abstract: Recent research at the Disaster Research Center at The Ohio State University has allowed a sharper focus on the problem. Field studies have been conducted about 100 different natural disaster situations. While our research has not been directed primarily to the problem involved, nevertheless, the data gathered permit us to specify more clearly the conditions under which conflict and the conditions under which cooperation emerge at times of major emergency. WE have firsthand data on many cases allowing use to make a more intensive analysis than could either students of the problems. The research focus of the Center has been on the urban community and the major organizations and groups likely to be involved in collective response to a larger-scale disaster. Not only has the immediate emergency period been examined, but some attention has also been given to longer run responses during the relief and rehabilitation periods in the aftermaths of disasters. Thus, we have been in a position to observe both short-run and long-run community conflict and cooperation in such stress situations.

142 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20249
2023861
20221,970
2021293
2020348
2019337