Topic
Natural disaster
About: Natural disaster is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5456 publications have been published within this topic receiving 104808 citations. The topic is also known as: natural calamity & natural hazard.
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TL;DR: A MnTS approach to telemedicine in disaster response and management is possible and should be further advanced.
Abstract: Background: Disasters, whether natural or manmade, are unpredictable. While there may be some forewarning as in natural disasters like a hurricane, response is often suboptimal. There is a need for an integrated and structured action for all three well defined phases of disaster management (pre-, during, and postdisaster) that must be addressed to ameliorate the impact on life and the necessary steps for recovery. Over the past several decades, telemedicine has been integrated in some form of disaster response. This adoption and integration has been shown to be effective. Since 2013, North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), under the auspices of the Science for Peace and Security Programme, has worked on developing a Multinational Telemedicine System (MnTS) for disaster response. Methods: A group of subject matter experts from Europe and the United States developed the MnTS by establishing the network and a concept of operations, to be used in disaster management between countries. Results: An ...
55 citations
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TL;DR: A framework for change detection using Convolutional Neural Networks on satellite images which can then be thresholded and clustered together into grids to find areas which have been most severely affected by a disaster is proposed.
Abstract: The use of satellite imagery has become increasingly popular for disaster monitoring and response. After a disaster, it is important to prioritize rescue operations, disaster response and coordinate relief efforts. These have to be carried out in a fast and efficient manner since resources are often limited in disaster-affected areas and it's extremely important to identify the areas of maximum damage. However, most of the existing disaster mapping efforts are manual which is time-consuming and often leads to erroneous results. In order to address these issues, we propose a framework for change detection using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) on satellite images which can then be thresholded and clustered together into grids to find areas which have been most severely affected by a disaster. We also present a novel metric called Disaster Impact Index (DII) and use it to quantify the impact of two natural disasters - the Hurricane Harvey flood and the Santa Rosa fire. Our framework achieves a top F1 score of 81.2% on the gridded flood dataset and 83.5% on the gridded fire dataset.
54 citations
TL;DR: The nation of Indonesia is in an area of geological instability, resulting in repeated and severe natural disasters including earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and tsunamis as discussed by the authors, and teachers, as adult autho...
Abstract: The nation of Indonesia is in an area of geological instability, resulting in repeated and severe natural disasters including earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and tsunamis. Teachers, as adult autho...
54 citations
TL;DR: The growing appreciation of mitigation is highlighting the need to develop a better understanding of what makes some people more vulnerable to the impacts of a disaster as discussed by the authors. But, these same concepts are being applied in both the health and disaster management context, which presents an opportunity to also achieve a shared objective of reducing vulnerability with the population.
Abstract: The growing appreciation of mitigation is highlighting theneed to develop a better understanding of what makes some people more vulnerable tothe impacts of a disaster. Health researchers have asked a similar question regarding thevarying vulnerability to illness within a population. This has lead to the identification of a setof social, physical and economic factors that are now referred to as the determinants of health.These factors are the same as those commonly associated with disaster vulnerability. Recognizingthat these same concepts are being applied in both the health and disaster management contextspresents an opportunity to also achieve a shared objective of reducing vulnerability withina population.
54 citations
01 Jan 1995
TL;DR: In this article, the authors considered the phenomenon of disaster theoretically in terms of its fundamental dimensions: time, space, magnitude and intensity, and compared the various disciplinary contributions to disaster studies.
Abstract: The geographical and temporal patterns of disasters are first described and then considered in terms of the underpinnings and causes of human vulnerability. These include population increase, marginalization, the militarization of vulnerable societies, the politicization of aid, the accumulation of capital goods, and the dual role of technology as a source of both vulnerability and mitigation. Some of the bases of theory in hazards studies are reviewed and considered in the light of the development gap in mitigation — the wide gulf between the vulnerability of industrialized and least developed countries. The phenomenon of disaster is considered theoretically in terms of its fundamental dimensions: time, space, magnitude and intensity. Finally, the various disciplinary contributions to disaster studies are assessed and compared. Reasons are given for practitioners’ reluctance to undertake interdisciplinary work.
54 citations