Showing papers on "Naturalness published in 1979"

Naturalness, chiral symmetry, and spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking

Abstract: A properly called “naturalness” is imposed on gauge theories It is an order-of-magnitude restriction that must hold at all energy scales μ To construct models with complete naturalness for elementary particles one needs more types of confining gauge theories besides quantum chromodynamics We propose a search program for models with improved naturalness and concentrate on the possibility that presently elementary fermions can be considered as composite Chiral symmetry must then be responsible for the masslessness of these fermions Thus we search for QCD-like models where chiral symmetry is not or only partly broken spontaneously They are restricted by index relations that often cannot be satisfied by other than unphysical fractional indices This difficulty made the author’s own search unsuccessful so far As a by-product we find yet another reason why in ordinary QCD chiral symmetry must be broken spontaneously

Managing for naturalness in wildland and agricultural landscapes

Abstract: Visual management systems operate from the premise that people have expectations for landscape views, and that people's positive expectations should be fulfilled. Both the Forest Service and Bureau of Land Management visual management systems assume that people expect wildlands to look natural. People also like to see natural landscapes in rural Iowa. Research I conducted in 1977-78 showed that naturalness, land use compatibility, water presence, and relief predict 75 per-cent of the variance in visual value of Iowa landscape views. Naturalness alone predicts 50 percent of the variance in visual value. People may have different expectations for naturalness in the context of an agricultural landscape than in a wild landscape. Although the agricultural landscape is of natural materials, it is also a landscape of designed patterns. The wild landscape displays natural materials in natural pat-terns. Differences in expectation should lead to different visual management approaches.

Traversable stack with fewer errors

Abstract: A complete finite "algebraic" specification for a version of traversable stack with fewer error conditions is presented. This is used to illustrate some issues concerning formal specification of data types, namely naturalness and clarity. Uncontrolled errors are considered harmful and canonical-term specifications are considered helpful.