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Near and far field
About: Near and far field is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 15922 publications have been published within this topic receiving 220571 citations.
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TL;DR: In this article, a class of electromagnetic materials on a scale of much less than a wavelength is described. But the properties of these materials are not seen in nature, such as negative refractive index, which are the key to controlling the near field.
Abstract: New technology is enabling scientists to engineer a class of electromagnetic materials on a scale of much less than a wavelength. The new materials have properties not seen in nature - such as a negative refractive index - which are the key to controlling the near field.
50 citations
TL;DR: This work considers the simplest quantum model for a degenerate parametric oscillator below threshold and analyze the quantum properties of the signal near field and introduces the idea of probing the emitted field by a local oscillator field of arbitrary spatial configuration to explore the spatial structure of the squeezed vacuum state emitted by the system.
Abstract: We analyze the quantum properties of the signal near field emitted by a degenerate parametric oscillator below threshold, including diffraction and its effects on the threshold for signal generation. The field is probed by a local oscillator field of arbitrary spatial configuration. The results are expressed in terms of an appropriate spectrum which describes how the level of squeezing varies with the angle from the direction of propagation. The results hold for cavities both with plane and with spherical mirrors.
50 citations
TL;DR: Evidence is presented that the s-SNOM enables optical imaging at a spatial resolution on a 10nm scale, independent of the wavelength used (lambda=633 nm and 10 microm), and a tip-induced phonon-polariton resonance on flat polar crystals such as SiC and Si3N4 is found.
50 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that examining the time evolution of the electromagnetic waves allows us to disentangle each contribution, providing images with striking quality and unexplored scenarios for near-field microscopy.
Abstract: Microwave microscopy has recently attracted intensive effort, owing to its capability to provide quantitative information about the local composition and the electromagnetic response of a sample. Nonetheless, the interpretation of microwave images remains a challenge as the electromagnetic waves interact with the sample and the surrounding in a multitude of ways following different paths: microwave images are a convolution of all contributions. In this work we show that examining the time evolution of the electromagnetic waves allows us to disentangle each contribution, providing images with striking quality and unexplored scenarios for near-field microscopy.
50 citations
TL;DR: Electrical generation of surface-plasmon polaritons is reported by reproducing the analogue in the near field of the slit-doublet experiment, in a device which includes all the building blocks required for a fully integrated plasmonic active source: an electrical generator of SPPs, a coupler, and a passive metallic waveguide.
Abstract: Surface-plasmon polaritons (SPPs) are propagating electromagnetic modes bound at a metal-dielectric interface. We report on electrical generation of SPPs by reproducing the analogue in the near field of the slit-doublet experiment, in a device which includes all the building blocks required for a fully integrated plasmonic active source: an electrical generator of SPPs, a coupler, and a passive metallic waveguide. SPPs are generated upon injection of electrical current, and they are then launched at the edges of a passive metallic strip. The interference fringes arising from the plasmonic standing wave on the surface of the metallic strip are unambiguously detected with apertureless near-field scanning optical microscopy.
50 citations