Topic
Near and far field
About: Near and far field is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 15922 publications have been published within this topic receiving 220571 citations.
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TL;DR: The nonlinear propagation of circularly polarized electromagnetic waves with relativistically strong amplitudes in an unmagnetized hot electron-positron plasma with a small fraction of ions is investigated in this article.
Abstract: The nonlinear propagation of circularly polarized electromagnetic waves with relativistically strong amplitudes in an unmagnetized hot electron-positron plasma with a small fraction of ions is investigated. The possibility of finding localized solutions in such a plasma is explored. It is shown that these plasmas support the propagation of ``heavy bullets of light'': nondiffracting and nondispersive electromagnetic pulses with large density bunching.
95 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the far field radiation properties of a new resonator antenna composed of split ring resonators (SRRs) and a monopole were studied. And it was shown that the antenna size at the operation frequency (3.52 GHz) is approximately one tenth of the free space wavelength (λ/10).
Abstract: We studied the far field radiation properties of a new resonator antenna composed of split ring resonators (SRRs) and a monopole. It is shown that the antenna size at the operation frequency (3.52 GHz) is approximately one tenth of the free space wavelength (λ/10). Moreover, increasing the number of SRRs yields steerability properties. These achievements provide a way to create rather small steerable resonant antennas.
94 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a generalized tomographic reconstruction procedure is described for determining the complex-valued index-of-refraction distribution of a semitransparent, three-dimensional inhomogeneous object from observations of the far-field intensity patterns generated by the object in a sequence of scattering experiments.
Abstract: A generalized tomographic reconstruction procedure is described for determining the complex-valuedindex-of-refraction distribution of a semitransparent, three-dimensional inhomogeneous object from observations of the far-field intensity patterns generated by the object in a sequence of scattering experiments. The inversion procedure is based on the wave equation governing the scattered optical field and fully accounts for the diffraction and propagation effects associated with the interaction of the incident wave with the object and the subsequent free-space propagation of the scattered wave to the wave zone (far field). The reconstruction of the object’s index-of-refraction distribution is performed digitally directly from the far-field intensity of the scattered wave and does not require direct measurement or retrieval of the phase of the scattered field. An optical scattering experiment is reported in which the cross-sectional profile of the index-of-refraction distribution of an optical fiber is reconstructed from the measured intensity of the diffraction pattern of the fiber by using the described inversion procedure.
94 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors demonstrate photon noise limited performance in both phase and amplitude readout in microwave kinetic inductance detectors (MKIDs) consisting of NbTiN and Al, down to 100 fW of optical power.
Abstract: We demonstrate photon noise limited performance in both phase and amplitude readout in microwave kinetic inductance detectors (MKIDs) consisting of NbTiN and Al, down to 100 fW of optical power. We simulate the far field beam pattern of the lens-antenna system used to couple radiation into the MKID and derive an aperture efficiency of 75%. This is close to the theoretical maximum of 80% for a single-moded detector. The beam patterns are verified by a detailed analysis of the optical coupling within our measurement setup.
94 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, concrete applications and new developments in both regimes are highlighted, and the diffraction limit can be overcome when one works in the near field, where thermal and mechanical influences are minimized.
Abstract: Recently, it has been proven that femtosecond lasers are ideal tools for the microstructuring of solid targets. Since thermal and mechanical influences are minimized, diffraction-limited structures can be generated in the far field. The diffraction limit can be overcome when one works in the near field. In this paper, concrete applications and new developments in both regimes are highlighted.
94 citations