Topic
Necking
About: Necking is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5280 publications have been published within this topic receiving 113945 citations.
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TL;DR: In this paper, a new in-plane specimen with two parallel gage sections is proposed to determine the strain to fracture for approximately zero stress triaxiality and the Lode angle parameter remains constant while the specimen is loaded all the way to fracture.
255 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors report a significant effect of size on the tensile behavior of ultrafine-grained Cu materials, including post-necking elongation and strain hardening rate, with increasing thickness or decreasing gauge length.
241 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a phase-field model for ductile fracture was extended to the three-dimensional finite strain setting, and its predictions were qualitatively and quantitatively compared with several experimental results, both from ad hoc tests carried out by the authors and from the available literature.
Abstract: In this paper, a phase-field model for ductile fracture previously proposed in the kinematically linear regime is extended to the three-dimensional finite strain setting, and its predictions are qualitatively and quantitatively compared with several experimental results, both from ad-hoc tests carried out by the authors and from the available literature. The proposed model is based on the physical assumption that fracture occurs when a scalar measure of the accumulated plastic strain reaches a critical value, and such assumption is introduced through the dependency of the phase-field degradation function on this scalar measure. The proposed model is able to capture the experimentally observed sequence of elasto-plastic deformation, necking and fracture phenomena in flat specimens; the occurrence of cup-and-cone fracture patterns in axisymmetric specimens; the role played by notches and by their size on the measured displacement at fracture; and the sequence of distinct cracking events observed in more complex specimens.
240 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the possibility that ductile fracture occurs by the McClintock-Berg mechanism of localization of deformation within a narrow shear band, owing to the progressive softening of the material by increasing porosity due to void growth.
Abstract: This paper investigates the possibility that ductile fracture occurs by the McClintock-Berg mechanism of localization of deformation within a narrow shear band, owing to the progressive softening of the material by increasing porosity due to void growth. The ductility predicted for a macroscopically homogeneous sample of a voided material is shown to be unrealistically large and hence an initial inhomogeneity of properties is considered, in the sense of an analysis by Marciniak and Kuczynski in the related problem of local necking in sheet metals. General conditions for a localization bifurcation with an initial inhomogeneity (imperfection), concentrating deformation to allow localization within it, are derived. The initial imperfection is taken in the form of a void-containing, thin slice of a material and is assumed to have a void volume fraction slightly larger than the outside of the imperfection. Elastic-plastic constitutive rate relations for void-containing materials proposed by Gurson are adopted to the conditions for the localization bifurcation. The critical conditions are analyzed numerically to discuss the sensitivity of localization conditions to an initial imperfection, in consideration of the implications for the theory of ductile fracture. The results suggest that the existence of an initial imperfection makes it possible for localization to occur at a reasonable strain, and the predictions from this analysis seem broadly consistent with reported experimental observations.
240 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a noncontact strain measurement technique based on digital image correlation (DIC) analysis was used in order to observe PLC band behavior during tensile deformation of AA5754 sheet and subsequently to measure the level of incremental plastic strain carried within the bands.
239 citations