Nervous system

About: Nervous system is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 16729 publications have been published within this topic receiving 847181 citations.

The Fine Structure of the Nervous System.

Abstract: This is the first atlas of the ultrastructure of the mature nervous system and it is a relatively complete collection of elegant micrographs with an accompanying text. The differing quantity and distribution of perikaryal organelles are compared in pyramidal, Purkinje, and granule cells, neurons from the dorsal root ganglion, and in anterior horn cells. Criteria are listed for the identification of dendrites and axons, as well as for the special characteristics of the axon hillock and node of Ranvier. Considerable space has been given to the illustration of the different types of synapses, especially to their presynaptic and postsynaptic organelles and synaptolemmal membranes. Evidence relating synaptic vesicles to transmitter substances and their possible function is discussed. Protoplasmic and fibrous astrocytes are demonstrated and their possible functions pointed out. Of particular interest is the role that thin astrocytic processes may play in isolating receptive surfaces, thereby preventing axon terminals from influencing

Induction of c-fos-like protein in spinal cord neurons following sensory stimulation.

Abstract: It has been suggested that the proto-oncogenes c-fos and c-myc participate in the control of genetic events which lead to the establishment of prolonged functional changes in neurons. Expression of c-fos and c-myc are among the earliest genetic events induced in cultured fibroblast and phaeochromocytoma cell lines by various stimuli including growth factors, peptides and the intracellular second messengers diacylglycerol, cAMP and Ca2+. We report here that physiological stimulation of rat primary sensory neurons causes the expression of c-fos-protein-like immunoreactivity in nuclei of postsynaptic neurons of the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. Activation of small-diameter cutaneous sensory afferents by noxious heat or chemical stimuli results in the rapid appearance of c-fos-protein-like immunoreactivity in the superficial layers of the dorsal horn. However, activation of low-threshold cutaneous afferents results in fewer labelled cells with a different laminar distribution. No c-fos induction was seen in the dorsal root ganglia, gracile nucleus or ventral horn. Thus, synaptic transmission may induce rapid changes in gene expression in certain postsynaptic neurons.

Miller's anatomy of the dog

Abstract: * The Dog and Its Relatives Introduction and Breeds Phylogenetic Relationships of Canids to Other Carnivores Origin and Domestication of the Dog * Prenatal Development * The Integument * The Skeleton * Arthrology * The Muscular System * The Digestive Apparatus and Abdomen * The Respiratory System * The Urogenital System * The Endocrine System * The Heart and Arteries * The Veins * The Lymphatic System * Introduction to the Nervous System * The Autonomic Nervous System * Spinal Cord and Meninges * The Spinal Nerves * The Brain * Cranial Nerves and Cutaneous Innervation of the Head * The Ear * The Eye