Topic
Nervous system
About: Nervous system is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 16729 publications have been published within this topic receiving 847181 citations.
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TL;DR: The spatial distribution of expression of the mammary tumor proto-oncogene int-1 during mouse embryogenesis and the role it plays in the early stages of central nervous system development in the mouse embryo are studied.
561 citations
TL;DR: The present study demonstrates that BDNF rescues motor neurons from degeneration and may also play a role in the normal physiology of these cells and raise the possibility that some neurotrophins may be useful in treating patients with motor neuropathies and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
558 citations
TL;DR: It is argued that the striatum has a prominent role in selecting which motor program should be called into action and can be relieved from pallidal inhibition through activation of striatal neurons at the input stage of the basal ganglia.
554 citations
TL;DR: The cellular interactions and molecular mechanisms that direct neuronal cell fates in the dorsal half of the vertebrate central nervous system are discussed.
Abstract: ▪ Abstract The generation of distinct classes of neurons at defined positions within the developing vertebrate nervous system depends on inductive signals provided by local cell groups that act as organizing centers. Genetic and embryological studies have begun to elucidate the processes that control the pattern and identity of neuronal cell types. Here we discuss the cellular interactions and molecular mechanisms that direct neuronal cell fates in the dorsal half of the vertebrate central nervous system. The specification of dorsal neuronal cell fates appears to depend on a cascade of inductive signals initiated by cells of the epidermal ectoderm that flank the neural plate and propagated by roof plate cells within the neural tube. Members of the transforming growth factor−β (TGFβ) family of secreted proteins have a prominent role in mediating these dorsalizing signals. Additional signals involving members of the Wnt and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) families may also contribute to the proliferation and...
554 citations
TL;DR: The new research on activity-dependent myelination is summarized, the possible implications of these studies are explored, and the potential for new research is outlined.
Abstract: The precise timing of impulse transmission along axons is crucial for synaptic plasticity and brain oscillations, and is partly determined by myelin thickness. In this Opinion article, R. Douglas Fields discusses how electrical activity influences myelin thickness and thus conduction velocity and circuit properties.
553 citations