Topic
Network theory
About: Network theory is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2257 publications have been published within this topic receiving 109864 citations.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors propose a model with the leading relational dimensions that frame transactions and exchanges in business networks, where decisions and choices made by individual actors in a context of resource constraints and opportunities are explained.
Abstract: This paper aims to engage the relational perspective in network theory into analysis of the dynamics of networking. After reviewing a number of concepts that map the emergence and evolution of business network relationships, the paper proposes a model with the leading relational dimensions that frame transactions and exchanges in business networks. The evolution of business network relationships is explained with decisions and choices made by individual actors in a context of resource constraints and opportunities. The paper distinguishes between human and non-human actors and we accept objects (technologies and cultural artifacts) as actors in heterogeneous networks. Each relationship is framed by eleven leading relational dimensions or relational properties that can be used for comparisons across dyadic business relationships, or for projecting relational outcomes in a network context. Finally we employ an extended framework of the Actors-Resources-Activities model by Hakansson & Johanson (1993) to explain the evolution and dynamics of the business relationship through interconnected activities and resource flows, where overlapping interests of business actors produce shared resource flows and network activities. This model demonstrates the multiplexity of network relationships and the need for multi-level analysis of business networks.
2 citations
TL;DR: Methodologically, it is shown that analysis of technology classes by network theory is a suitable tool for analysing the evolution of the complex nature of electric vehicles.
Abstract: As part of the new institutional economics (Ostrom, 1990, 2005) and complex systems (Holland, 2006), we use network theory (Watts, 1999; Clauset et al., 2004) to describe the evolution of electric vehicle technology, which has grown from a relatively disconnected network to a hierarchically connected network in which the technological system is organised into subsystems by a simultaneous process of integration and modularisation (Baldwin and Clark, 1999). Methodologically, we show that analysis of technology classes by network theory is a suitable tool for analysing the evolution of the complex nature of electric vehicles.
2 citations
06 May 2010
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors draw both on legal theory and network science to explain how legal systems are structured and evolve, and show that their evolution is a property of their network structure.
Abstract: The paper draws both on legal theory and network science to explain how legal systems are structured and evolve. The basic proposition is that legal systems have a structure identifiable through a model of them in terms of networks of rules, and that their evolution is a property of their network structure. The paper is based on a model of rules which relies on the tenets of the network theory to describe how legal change unfolds within the network structure of legal systems. Section 1 presents an outline of current literature on the application of network theory to legal systems. Section 2 describes the various types of rules and hierarchies within the network structure of legal systems. Section 3 then advances the view that the hierarchies of rules operate as chains of production which ultimately create rules regulating individual situations (“Rules of the Case”) and defines the concept of production links between rules represented as nodes of such networks. Section 4 describes multiple chains of production of rules and defines a network concept of normative complexity. Section 5 describes the structure of clusters of common law cases and provides a notion of clustering coefficients of these cases. Section 6 discusses the main network property of legal systems at the global and local level (the existence of nodes which operate as legal “connectors” and the self-organization of Rules of the Case), while section 7 shows that legal systems are evolutionary networks and discusses how their evolution is a network property. Finally section 8 concludes by discussing potential applications of network science in respect to the U.S. tax system.
2 citations
01 Apr 2013
TL;DR: In this article, the authors revaluate the Miles' strategy model and insert it in a theoretical frame of business networks, since both the original author and posterior works put the uncertainty of the environment and the relations between companies as the foundation for strategic decision, which are principles of network theories.
Abstract: The objective of this work is to revaluate the Miles’ strategy model, which was presented in 1970, and insert it in a theoretical frame of business networks, since both the original author and posterior works put the uncertainty of the environment and the relations between companies as the foundation for strategic decision, which are principles of the network theories. The lead proposition is that the option for one of four strategies from the model by small businesses can be explained by its connections in the network in which they are immersed. The argument is sustained by the analysis of the convergence of international articles about the basis and capacities of the model and by the analysis of brazilian researches with small businesses, in which the model was applied, searching for its relations with demographic, economic and companies’ resources variables. Our interpretation is that these works have utilized the principles of networks, although not explicitly. The article creates a theoretical benefit with the support of the network theory for the model; it creates a methodological benefit by indicating that the network variables, such as centrality, density, flow content and commitment, would be the main antecedents to determining the strategic position of the company; and it creates a managerial benefit by presenting a model which is applicable to small businesses, with the capacity of distinguishing between the four strategies, in other words, it is possible to determine the strategy that the company is following, even when it is not made explicit by its managers and the possibilities of movement to new positions.
2 citations
04 Aug 2015
TL;DR: A pseudo polynomial-time algorithm for temporal networks, of which the transit value is always positive and the least common divisor of all transit values is bounded, and shows that the centrality of networks with 125 nodes and 455 edges can be efficiently computed in 3.2 seconds.
Abstract: In this paper, we propose a clustering method based on the infinite betweenness centrality for temporal networks specified by 1-dimensional periodic graphs. While the temporal networks have a wide range of applications such as opportunistic communication, there are not many clustering algorithms specifically proposed for them. We give a pseudo polynomial-time algorithm for temporal networks, of which the transit value is always positive and the least common divisor of all transit values is bounded. Our experimental results show that the centrality of networks with 125 nodes and 455 edges can be efficiently computed in 3.2 seconds. Not only the clustering results using the infinite betweenness centrality for this kind of networks are better, but also the nodes with biggest influence are more precisely detected when the betweenness centrality is computed over the periodic graph.
2 citations