Showing papers on "Neurosphere published in 1993"

Mammalian multipotent neural stem cells

Abstract: The invention includes mammalian multipotent neural stem cells and their progeny and methods for the isolation and clonal propagation of such cells. At the clonal level the stem cells are capable of self regeneration and asymmetrical division. Lineage restriction is demonstrated within developing clones which are sensitive to the local environment. The invention also includes such cells which are transfected with foreign nucleic acid, e.g., to produce an immortalized neural stem cell. The invention further includes transplantation assays which allow for the identification of mammalian multipotent neural stem cells from various tissues and methods for transplanting mammalian neural stem cells and/or neural or glial progenitors into mammals. A novel method for detecting antibodies to neural cell surface markers is disclosed as well as a monoclonal antibody to mouse LNGFR.

Biological factors and neural stem cells

Abstract: Methods are described for increasing the number of neural stem cells that differentiate into astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, or neurons. The methods comprise proliferating isolated neural stem cells in a culture medium having a first growth factor to produce precursor cells. The precursor cells are then differentiated into astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, or neurons in a second culture medium, free of the first growth factor, containing a second growth factor or combination of growth factors.

Stimulation, production and culturing of hematopoietic progenitor cells by fibroblast growth factors

Abstract: Fibroblast growth factors are used in vivo, in situ and in vitro to stimulate stem cells, hemopoiesis, the immune system, transplant donor cells, culture and/or engraftment, wherein the use of fibroblast growth factors is disclosed for the stimulation of stem cells or hemopoietic cells, supporting cells and their progeny, in vitro, in situ and in vivo, as well as corresponding engrafting sites in vivo.

Neurotrophin-3 affects proliferation and differentiation of distinct neural crest cells and is present in the early neural tube of avian embryos.

Abstract: Neurotrophin-3 is mitogenic for cultured quail neural crest cells (Kalcheim et al., 1992, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89:1661–1665). We now report that neurotrophin-3 also influences the survival and/or differentiation of a subset of postmitotic neural crest precursors into neurons, provided these progenitors are grown on a cellular substrate. When cultured for 1 day on monolayers of NT-3-producing, chinese hamster ovary cells, 59% of the neural crest clusters growing on the transfected line revealed the presence of intense neuronal outgrowht, compared to 25% of that in controls. Moreover, dissociated neural crest cells grown for 20 h on top of mesodermal cells in the presence of various concentrations of purified recombinant neurotrophin-3 displayed a dose-dependent increase in neuronal number. Localization experiments using specific polyclonal antibodies, revealed that neurotrophin-3 is confined to neuroepithelial cells of quail neural tubes in situ on E2 and E3, and to E2 neural tubes grown in culture for 24 h. At this stage, neural crest cells and somites were negative. At later stages, staining was likewise apparent in peripheral nerves and dorsal root ganglia. We, therefore, propose that NT-3, a factor that is expressed in the early avian central nervous system, has multiple effects both on the proliferation and differentiation of distinct neural crest cells, which depend on the state of committment of the responsive progenitors. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Remyelination using neural stem cells

Abstract: A method for the remyelination of neurons is disclosed wherein neural stem cells isolated from adult or fetal neural tissue are proliferated in a culture medium containing a growth factor to produce precursor cells having a nestin (+) phenotype. The precursor cells are capable of differentiation into oligodendrocytes which, when associated with a demyelinated neuron, effect remyelination.

In vitro amplification/expansion of CD34+ stem and progenitor cells

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of amplifying in vitro stemcells. In this method hematopoietic CD34+ stem and progenitor cells are isolated from human bone marrow and contacted with endothelial cells. The contacted stem cells and endothelial cells are cultured in the presence of at least one cytokine in an amount sufficient to support amplification/expansion of the hematopoietic CD34+ stem and progenitor cells. This method produces increased yields of hematopoietic CD34+ stem and progenitor cells which can be used in human therapeutics.

Human primitive stem cells

Abstract: A population of cells comprising primitive human stem cells is disclosed. This population of cells is self-renewing and is capable of differentiating into both stromal stem cells and hematopoietic stem cells. This population of cells has the phenotype CD34?+/CD38-/HLA-DR-?.

Multipotent neural stem cells of mammals

Abstract: (57) Abstract: The present invention includes mammalian multipotent neural stem cells and their progeny, a method for the isolation of such cells as well and clonal expansion. The clone level, the stem cells are capable of self-renewal and asymmetric division. Lineage restriction has been demonstrated in the clone of the developing sensitive to the local environment. The present invention also includes such cells transfected with exogenous nucleic acids for making e.g. immortalized neural stem cells. The present invention further includes an implant assay that allows for implantation into a variety of tissues identification and mammalian mammalian multipotent neural stem cells derived from neural stem cells and / or neuronal or glial precursors in mammals. It discloses a novel method for assaying monoclonal antibodies against LNGFR specific antibodies and mouse neuronal cell surface markers.

Stem cells with a limited capacity for renewal have been isolated from mammalian neural crest. Manipulation of these cells may clarify the relationship between neuronal and glial cell fates.

Abstract: The peripheral nervous system is largely derived from the neural crest, a population of cells that forms at the junction between the epidermis and neural plate eking embryogenesis. Around the time that the neu- I.XI plate closes to form the neural tube (the precursor of the brain and spinal cord), neural crest cells detach from the neuroepithelium and undergo extensive and stereotyped migrations. On reaching their final destina- tions, they differentiate into a wide variety of cell types including neurons and glia of the sensory, sympathetic ;tnd parasympathetic ganglia, neuroendocrine cells of the adrenal medulla, pigment cells and facial cartilage [ 11. How does a population of seemingly identical neural crest cells generate such a diverse range of phenotypes? The answer to this long-standing question is pivotal for understanding how cell lineage decisions are made dur- ing neural development. One extreme possibility is that all neural crest cells