Topic
Neurosphere
About: Neurosphere is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5145 publications have been published within this topic receiving 321088 citations.
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TL;DR: It is possible that understanding the normal differentiation, de‐ and transdifferentiation potential of glial stem‐like cells in the mature central nervous system will provide insights into the possible use of these cells, or biogenic factors associated with their growth and differentiation, in therapeutic approaches for a variety of neurological disorders.
Abstract: Recently discovered multipotent astrocytic stem cells are discussed in light of current nomenclature for glial precursor and lineage-associated cells in the developing, postnatal, and adult mammalian brain. Defining the phenotype of any immature cell in the nervous system is a challenge, and a position is stated that includes the need for categorizing cells within a continuum of differentiation potential. The possibility for dedifferentiating glial cells into clonogenic stem-like cells offers numerous possibilities for translating knowledge and technology from this subfield of stem cell biology to regenerative medicine. Along with the need for developing a new lexicon for defining the cellular players that contribute to the generation of glia and neurons in the developing and mature central nervous system, the relationships also need to be established among potency, repopulation attempts, and tumorigenesis of cells meeting the criteria of glial stem cells. Finally, it is possible that understanding the normal differentiation, de- and transdifferentiation potential of glial stem-like cells in the mature central nervous system will provide insights into the possible use of these cells, or biogenic factors associated with their growth and differentiation, in therapeutic approaches for a variety of neurological disorders.
84 citations
TL;DR: The excellent in vivo survival of the NSPCs coupled with their differentiation and maintenance of host neurons in the regenerated tissue bridge demonstrates the promise of the chitosan tubes for stem cell delivery and tissue regeneration.
84 citations
TL;DR: Stem cells derived from human placenta can be differentiated into neural progenitors from human placental tissues, and neuron-specific proteins were up-regulated, whereas placental proteins were reduced.
84 citations
TL;DR: The developmental origin of postnatal spinal ependymal cells is investigated by studying the dynamic expression of several neural progenitor genes that are initially expressed in distinct domains of neuroepithelium in young embryos by suggesting that the Nkx6.1+ ventral neuroep ithelial cells in adult mouse spinal cords may retain the proliferative property of neural stem cells.
Abstract: Recent studies have suggested that the ependymal cells lining the central canal of postnatal spinal cord possess certain properties of neural stem cells. However, the embryonic origin and developmental potential of the postnatal spinal cord ependymal cells remain to be defined. In this report, we investigated the developmental origin of postnatal spinal ependymal cells by studying the dynamic expression of several neural progenitor genes that are initially expressed in distinct domains of neuroepithelium in young embryos. At later stages of development, as the ventricular zone of the embryonic spinal cord is reduced, expression of Nkx6.1 progenitor gene is constantly detected in ependymal cells throughout chick and mouse development. Expression of other neural progenitor genes that lie either dorsal or ventral to the Nkx6.1+ domain is gradually decreased and eventually disappeared. These results suggest that the remaining neuroepithelial cells at later stages of animal life are derived from the Nkx6.1+ ventral neuroepithelial cells. Expression of Nkx6.1 in the remaining neuroepithelium is closely associated with, and regulated by, Shh expression in the floor plate. In addition, we suggested that the Nkx6.1+ ependymal cells in adult mouse spinal cords may retain the proliferative property of neural stem cells.
84 citations
TL;DR: The changes in proliferation and differentiation of NSCs exposed to high glucose are associated with altered expression of genes that are involved in cell-cycle progression and cell-fate specification during neurulation, which may form the basis for the defective neural tube patterning observed in embryos of diabetic pregnancies.
Abstract: Aims/hypothesis
Maternal diabetes induces neural tube defects during embryogenesis. Since the neural tube is derived from neural stem cells (NSCs), it is hypothesised that in diabetic pregnancy neural tube defects result from altered expression of developmental control genes, leading to abnormal proliferation and cell-fate choice of NSCs.
84 citations