Topic
Neurulation
About: Neurulation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1456 publications have been published within this topic receiving 89387 citations.
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TL;DR: The cellular interactions that control the differentiation of dorsal cell types from neural progenitors have been examined in neural plate explants and appear to be initiated at the neural plate stage and to involve the opponent activities of a BMP-mediated dorsalizing signal from the epidermal ectoderm and a SHH-mediated ventralizing signalFrom the notochord.
1,080 citations
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TL;DR: It is shown here that N-CAM-deficient mice generated by gene targeting appear healthy and fertile, but adult mutants show a 10% reduction in overall brain weight and a 36% decline in size of the olfactory bulb.
Abstract: Neural-cell adhesion molecules (N-CAMs) are members of the immunoglobulin superfamily mediating homo- and heterophilic cell-cell interactions. N-CAM exists in various isoforms which are generated by alternative splicing. During embryonic development, N-CAMs are expressed in derivatives of all three germ layers, whereas in the adult animal they are predominantly present in neural tissue. Processes like neurulation, axonal outgrowth, histogenesis of the retina and development of the olfactory system are correlated with the regulated expression of N-CAMs. We show here that N-CAM-deficient mice generated by gene targeting appear healthy and fertile, but adult mutants show a 10% reduction in overall brain weight and a 36% decline in size of the olfactory bulb. N-CAM deficiency coincides with almost total loss of protein-bound alpha-(2,8)-linked polysialic acid, a carbohydrate structure thought to be correlated with neural development and plasticity. The animals showed deficits in spatial learning when tested in the Morris water maze, whereas activity and motor abilities appeared normal.
1,026 citations
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TL;DR: In vitro tests for the signaling functions of vHH-1 demonstrate that COS cells expressing the rat vhh-1 gene induce floor plate and motor neuron differentiation in neural plate explants, suggesting that vhhh-1 may contribute to the floor plateand motor neuron inducing activities of the notochord.
919 citations
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TL;DR: Results show that N-cadherin plays a critical role in early heart development as well as in other morphogenetic processes, and in vitro studies of cardiac myocytes derived from N- cadher in mutant embryos show that the cells can loosely aggregate and beat synchronously.
729 citations
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TL;DR: Results suggest that HES-1 normally controls the proper timing of neurogenesis and regulates neural tube morphogenesis.
Abstract: Mammalian hairy and Enhancer of split homolog-1 (HES-1) encodes a helix-loop-helix (HLH) factor that is thought to act as a negative regulator of neurogenesis. To directly investigate the functions of HES-1 in mammalian embryogenesis, we performed a targeted disruption of the HES-1 locus. Mice homozygous for the mutation exhibited severe neurulation defects and died during gestation or just after birth. In the developing brain of HES-1-null embryos, expression of the neural differentiation factor Mash-1 and other neural HLH factors was up-regulated and postmitotic neurons appeared prematurely. These results suggest that HES-1 normally controls the proper timing of neurogenesis and regulates neural tube morphogenesis.
726 citations