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Nitrite

About: Nitrite is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 15425 publications have been published within this topic receiving 484581 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The phenotypes of three different Nitrosomonas europaea strains were characterized in chemostat cell cultures, and the effect of nitric oxide (NO) on metabolic activities was evaluated, revealing similar aerobic ammonia oxidation activities, but the growth rates and yields of the knock-out mutants were significantly reduced.
Abstract: The phenotypes of three different Nitrosomonas europaea strains--wild-type, nitrite reductase (NirK)-deficient and nitric oxide reductase (NorB)-deficient strains--were characterized in chemostat cell cultures, and the effect of nitric oxide (NO) on metabolic activities was evaluated. All strains revealed similar aerobic ammonia oxidation activities, but the growth rates and yields of the knock-out mutants were significantly reduced. Dinitrogen (N2) was the main gaseous product of the wild-type, produced via its denitrification activity. The mutants were unable to reduce nitrite to N2, but excreted more hydroxylamine leading to the formation of almost equal amounts of NO, nitrous oxide (N2O) and N2 by chemical auto-oxidation and chemodenitrification of hydroxylamine. Under anoxic conditions Nsm. europaea wild-type gains energy for growth via nitrogen dioxide (NO2)-dependent ammonia oxidation or hydrogen-dependent denitrification using nitrite as electron acceptor. The mutant strains were restricted to NO and/or N2O as electron acceptor and consequently their growth rates and yields were much lower compared with the wild-type. When cells were transferred from anoxic (denitrification) to oxic conditions, the wild-type strain endogenously produced NO and recovered ammonia oxidation within 8 h. In contrast, the mutant strains remained inactive. For recovery of ammonia oxidation activity the NO concentration had to be adjusted to about 10 p.p.m. in the aeration gas.

173 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The use of nitrate and nitrite labeled with N was shown to simplify the interpretation of the results when these gases were measured, and the effect of pH on the production of denitrification intermediates from nitrate or nitrite under anoxic conditions was studied.
Abstract: We have used a quadrupole mass spectrometer with a gas-permeable membrane inlet for continuous measurements of the production of N2O and N2 from nitrate or nitrite by cell suspensions of Paracoccus denitrificans. The use of nitrate and nitrite labeled with 15N was shown to simplify the interpretation of the results when these gases were measured. This approach was used to study the effect of pH on the production of denitrification intermediates from nitrate and nitrite under anoxic conditions. The kinetic patterns observed were quite different at acidic and alkaline pH values. At pH 5.5, first nitrate was converted to nitrite, then nitrite was converted to N2O, and finally N2O was converted to N2. At pH 8.5, nitrate was converted directly to N2, and the intermediates accumulated to only low steady-state concentrations. The sequential usage of nitrate, nitrite, and nitrous oxide observed at pH 5.5 was simulated by using a kinetic model of a branched electron transport chain in which alternative terminal reductases compete for a common reductant.

172 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Activated sludge was examined in a continuously stripped batch reactor and in closed serum bottles for the production of the volatile denitrification intermediates nitric oxide (NO) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) and experiments with NO addition confirm the proposed inhibition mechanism.

172 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Aerobic cell suspensions of Nitrosomonas europaea oxidized ammonium to nitrous oxide (N2O) and nitrite, and exogenous in the presence or absence of did not stimulate N2O formation as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Aerobic cell suspensions of Nitrosomonas europaea oxidized ammonium to nitrous oxide (N2O) and nitrite , and exogenous in the presence or absence of did not stimulate N2O formation. Acetylene (C2H2) inhibited the production of and N2O from but not from hydroxylamine (NH2OH). The total amount of N2O formed in air was proportional to the amount of oxidized; however, the total N2O N formed as a percentage of N formed varied very little (0.05–0.15%) over the range of concentrations examined (0.05–20.4 mM). Rates of production of N2O and showed similar response to pH over the range of 5.4–9.5, with maxima at pH 8.5. Anaerobically, five times more N2O was formed than under aerobic conditions. The highest rates of anaerobic N2O formation were observed in the presence of and combined (2 and 1 mM, respectively) and C2H2 reduced this rate of N2O formation to that observed with 1 mM alone in the presence or absence of C2H2. The presence of the oxidizer Nitrobacter winogradskyi had no effect on the formation of N2O b...

172 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A low-cost disposable colorimetric microfluidic paper-based analytical device (μPAD) was developed and successfully applied to the determination of nitrate and nitrite in both synthetic and natural water samples.
Abstract: A low-cost disposable colorimetric microfluidic paper-based analytical device (μPAD) was developed for the determination of nitrite and nitrate. Nitrite is determined directly by the Griess reaction while nitrate is first reduced to nitrite in a hydrophilic channel of the μPAD with immobilized zinc microparticles. This μPAD is fabricated by a simple and inexpensive inkjet printing method. Under optimal conditions, the limits of detection and quantification for nitrite are 1.0 and 7.8 μM, respectively, while the corresponding values for nitrate are 19 and 48 μM, respectively. The repeatability, expressed as relative standard deviation (RSD), is less than 2.9% and 5.6% (n ≤ 8) for the determination of nitrite and nitrate, respectively. This μPAD was successfully applied to the determination of nitrate and nitrite in both synthetic and natural water samples. It is user and environmentally friendly and suitable for on-site measurement of the analytes mentioned above in environmental and drinking waters.

172 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023606
20221,333
2021475
2020459
2019467
2018509