Nitrobenzene

About: Nitrobenzene is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5285 publications have been published within this topic receiving 83368 citations. The topic is also known as: essence of mirbane & nitrobenzol.

High-valent cobalt-oxo species triggers hydroxyl radical for collaborative environmental decontamination

Abstract: The overlooked role of high-valent cobalt-oxo species (Co(IV)) in the Co(II)/peroxymonosulfate (PMS) process was uncovered recently using methyl phenyl sulfoxide (PMSO) as the probe. Herein, we further interestingly found that Co(IV) could trigger hydroxyl radical (•OH) formation, resulting in the oxidized products distribution of PMSO heavily relied on the relative concentration of PMSO. More significantly, the generation of a series of 18O-labeled hydroxylated products (i.e., hydroxylated methyl phenyl sulfone, nitrobenzene and 4-nitrobenzoic acid) in H218O conclusively verified that •OH was triggered by Co(IV) species. Density functional theory calculation demonstrated that Co(IV) initiated •OH formation via oxo ligand protonation-induced valence tautomerization. Moreover, the oxidative contribution of Co(IV) and •OH on organic degradation was specifically dependent on the type and concentration of the substrate. This study provided deeper insights into the evolution pathway of •OH mediated by Co(IV) species and enriched the understandings on the collaborative oxidation mechanism in Co(IV)-involved processes.

Removal of Organic Priority Pollutants by Oxidation‐Coagulation

Abstract: The oxidation of a group of priority pollutants with different chemical structures and properties by the use of ferrate is studied. A comparison is made of the coagulation-flocculation of the oxidized pollutants by ferrate with alum coagulation using the jar test. The efficiency of removal of the pollutants by simple air and mechanical (paddle) flocculation is also studied. The pollutants studied are Bromodichloromethane (BDCM), trichloroethylene (TCE), 1, 2-dichlorobenzene (DCB), nitrobenzene (NB), and napthalene (NAPH). It is shown that purification of water supply by coagulation with potassium ferrate and stripping with gas removes four out of five wastes listed as priority pollutants. Only nitrobenzene is unaffected. A mathematical model utilizing dipole momentum, solubility parameter and log activity coefficient predicts the efficiency of the process.

Process for the catalytic hydrogenation of nitrobenzene

Abstract: A process for the hydrogenation of nitrobenzene to aniline is described wherein the nitrobenzene is contacted with hydrogen in the presence of a multi-component supported catalyst containing 1 to 20 grams of noble metal per liter of support and 1 to 20 grams per liter of support of one or more transition metal of the Groups IVa, Va, or VIa of the Periodic Table. The catalyst can contain 1 to 20 grams per liter of support of a further transition group element or of a member of the main group. The catalyst is one which has been prepared by a process involving pretreatment of the support with a base prior to impregnation with the catalytically active substances, followed by drying to a residual moisture content of less than 10 percent of the maximum absorbency of the support.

Extraction of europium from acidic aqueous solutions into nitrobenzene by dicarbolide in the presence of polyethylene glycol

Abstract: Extraction de microquantites de 152,154 Eu par des solutions de Co(III)-dicarbolide. Constantes d'extraction