Nitrobenzene

About: Nitrobenzene is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5285 publications have been published within this topic receiving 83368 citations. The topic is also known as: essence of mirbane & nitrobenzol.

The Photochemical Reduction of Nitrobenzene and Its Reduction Intermediates. X. The Photochemical Reduction of the Monosubstituted Nitrobenzenes in 2-Propanol

Abstract: The photochemical reduction of the monosubstituted nitrobenzenes has been investigated in 2-propanol under a nitrogen atmosphere. The nitrobenzenes with electron-withdrawing groups on meta- and para-positions (p-NO2, m- and p-CN, m- and p-COOC2H5, p-COOCH(CH3)2, and m- and p-COOH) were photoreduced to the corresponding anilines, and nitrobenzene and the para-substituted nitrobenzenes with electron-donating groups (p-CH3 and p-OCH3) were photoreduced to the corresponding phenylhydroxylamines. p-Nitroaniline and p-nitrophenol were unreactive toward the photoreduction. In the experiments on the determination of the quantum yields for the nitrobenzenes’ disappearance upon irradiation with a 313- or 366-nm light, it has been found that there is a linear correlation between the log-values of the relative quantum yields of the substituted nitrobenzenes and nitrobenzene and the Hammett constants, and the ρ value was + 1.5. The results obtained suggest that the hydrogen-abstraction reaction of the photoexcited nit...

Efficient Degradation of Nitrobenzene Induced by Glow Discharge Plasma in Aqueous Solution

Abstract: The oxidative degradation of nitrobenzene (NB) induced by gaseous glow discharge plasma in contact with aqueous solution was investigated. The experimental results indicated that NB removal obeyed first-order kinetics under certain applied currents. The major degradation byproducts such as nitrophenols, phenol, 1,3-dinitrobenzene and carboxylic acids have been detected. The distribution of nitrophenols follows the order o- > p- > m- and oxalic, formic and acetic acids are major carboxylic intermediates. The eventual products were nitrate ion and carbon dioxide. During the treatment, a large amount of hydrogen peroxide was produced. Addition of ferrous or ferric ions into the solution greatly enhanced the degradation rate due to Fenton’s reaction. The energy efficiencies of NB removal and hydrogen peroxide formation were compared with those of other discharges. Hydroxyl radicals were shown to be the most likely species responsible for NB degradation