Nitrobenzene

About: Nitrobenzene is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5285 publications have been published within this topic receiving 83368 citations. The topic is also known as: essence of mirbane & nitrobenzol.

Vapor-phase Nitration of Benzene over Silica-supported Benzenesulfonic Acid Catalyst

Abstract: Silica-supported benzenesulfonic acid has a high catalyst activity for the title reaction. A nitrobenzene yield on benzene basis and on nitrogen dioxide basis attained to 93% and 70%, respectively, at 443 K under partial pressures of benzene and nitrogen dioxide of 9.3 kPa and 19 kPa, respectively.

Characterization of the Songhua River sediments and evaluation of their adsorption behavior for nitrobenzene

Abstract: The explosion at a plant of the Jilin Petrochemical Corporation on 13 November, 2005, and the spill of an estimated 100 t of toxic substances (nitrobenzene as the main component) into the Songhua River received worldwide attention. This study has focused on the adsorption behavior of nitrobenzene that spilled onto sediments along the Songhua River, which was one of the efforts to evaluate the fate of nitrobenzene after the spillage event. The organic carbon contents of these sediments along the Songhua River varied from 2.1 g TOC/kg at Hulanhekouxia to 86.1 g TOC/kg at Jiuzhan. The average volumetric particle diameter also varied largely from 11 mu m at Jiangchuan to 311 mu m at Hulanhekouxia. The sediment in the Jiuzhan section showed the highest potential for nitrobenzene adsorption (8.3 mg/kg sediment), whereas, that at Hulanhekouxia exhibited the lowest adsorption capacity, of 1.6 mg/kg sediment. The nitrobenzene adsorption potential is linearly related to the organic carbon content of sediments (R(2) = 0.609), indicating that the organic carbon content is the main factor affecting the adsorption behavior of sediments along the Songhua River. Conclusively, the adsorption of nitrobenzene onto the sediments is insignificant, and the release of nitrobenzene from sediments is of minor importance.

Fabrication of silver nanoparticles in pH responsive polymer microgel dispersion for catalytic reduction of nitrobenzene in aqueous medium

Abstract: Copolymer microgels based on N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) and methacrylic acid (MAA) have been synthesized by free radical emulsion polymerization using N,N-methylenebisacrylamide (BIS) as a cross-linker. Synthesized microgels were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Then silver nanoparticles were fabricated in the synthesized microgels by in-situ reduction of AgNO3 with NaBH4. The formation of silver nanoparticles was confirmed by UV–Vis spectroscopy. The pH sensitivity of the copolymer microgels was investigated using dynamic light scattering technique (DLS). Hydrodynamic radius of P (NIPAM–MAA) microgels increases with increase in pH of the medium at 25°C. Surface plasmon resonance wavelength (λSPR) of silver nanoparticles increases with increase in hydrodynamic radius due to change in pH of the medium. The catalytic activity for the reduction of nitrobenzene (NB), an environmental pollutant, into aniline was investigated by UV–Vis spectroscopy in excess of NaBH4 using hybrid microgels as catalyst. The value of apparent rate constant (k app) of the reaction was calculated using pseudo first order kinetic model and it was found to be linearly related to the amount of catalyst. The results were compared with literature data. The system was found to be an effective catalyst for conversion of NB into aniline.