Nitrobenzene

About: Nitrobenzene is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5285 publications have been published within this topic receiving 83368 citations. The topic is also known as: essence of mirbane & nitrobenzol.

Electrochemical Destruction of Aniline and 4‐Chloroaniline for Wastewater Treatment Using a Carbon‐PTFE O 2 ‐ Fed Cathode

Abstract: The electrochemical degradation of 100 ppm aniline and 4-chloroaniline in basic aqueous solutions of pH ranging between 10.1 and 12.7 has been studied at constant current intensity using a Pb/PbO{sub 2} anode and a carbon-polytetrafluoroethylene O{sub 2}-fed cathode. Under these conditions, hydrogen peroxide was electrogenerated in the cell via a two-electron reduction of oxygen gas fed to the cathode. The current efficiency for H{sub 2}O{sub 2} generation depended on the applied current intensity and the background electrolyte used. The concentration decay for each contaminant with electrolysis time was followed by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Kinetic analysis of these data showed a pseudo first-order decomposition reaction for both substrates at anodic current densities of 30 mA cm{sup {minus}2} or higher, as well as a decrease, of their half-lifetimes when current intensity increased. A gradual decrease in total organic carbon (TOC) for 0.05 mol/dm{sup 3} NAOH solutions with electrolysis time was always found. Product analysis of these electrolyzed solutions by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and HPLC allowed the detection of nitrobenzene and 1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene proceeding from the anodic decomposition of aniline and 4-chloroaniline, respectively. Maleic acid was also detected as intermediate and ammonia was found as final product. Destruction of initial pollutantsmore » and intermediates is explained by their oxidative reactions with OH and HO{sub 2} radicals at the anode reaction layer. The effect of HO{sub 2} upon decomposition pathways of anilines is discussed.« less

Coupled systems for selective oxidation of aromatic alcohols to aldehydes and reduction of nitrobenzene into aniline using CdS/g-C3N4 photocatalyst under visible light irradiation

Abstract: A coupled system of selective oxidation of aromatic alcohols to aromatic aldehydes and reduction of nitrobenzene into aniline was realized using CdS/g-C 3 N 4 composite as a photocatalyst under visible light illumination. The CdS/g-C 3 N 4 composite photocatalyst was prepared by hydrothermal method. The photocatalyst was characterized by x-ray powder diffraction (XRD), UV–vis diffuse reflection spectroscopy (DRS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) specific surface area. Compared with single g-C 3 N 4 and CdS, the CdS/g-C 3 N 4 photocatalyst exhibits enhanced photocatalytic activity and excellent photostability under visible light illumination. It demonstrates that the selective oxidation of aromatic alcohol into aromatic aldehyde is achieved by direct holes oxidation, and the reduction of nitrobenzene into aniline is reached by direct electrons reduction. The optimum percentage of CdS is 10 wt.%. Under illumination for 4 h, the conversion of benzyl alcohol and the yield of benzaldehyde are about 48.0% and 44.6%, and the conversion of nitrobenzene and the yield of aniline are about 49.2% and 26.0%, respectively. The synergic effect of g-C 3 N 4 and CdS, which can effectively separate and transfer photoexcited carriers, was proposed to be responsible for the enhancement of the photocatalytic activity. This study has a guiding significance for the design of a coupled system which realizes selective oxidation and reduction of organics.

A luminescent 2D coordination polymer for selective sensing of nitrobenzene.

Abstract: A luminescent two-dimensional (2D) coordination polymer is demonstrated to be a selective sensing material for the straightforward detection of nitrobenzene via a redox fluorescence quenching mechanism.