Topic
Nitrophenol
About: Nitrophenol is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1380 publications have been published within this topic receiving 30521 citations. The topic is also known as: nitrophenols & mononitrophenol.
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TL;DR: In this article, a study on the catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol by sodium borohydride in the presence of metal nanoparticles is presented, where the nanoparticles are embedded in spherical polyelectrolyte brushes.
Abstract: We present a study on the catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol by sodium borohydride in the presence of metal nanoparticles. The nanoparticles are embedded in spherical polyelectrolyte brushes, which consist of a polystyrene core onto which a dense layer of cationic polyelectrolyte brushes are grafted. The average size of the nanoparticles is approximately 2 nm. The kinetic data obtained by monitoring the reduction of 4-nitrophenol by UV/vis-spectroscopy could be explained in terms of the Langmuir−Hinshelwood model: The borohydride ions transfer a surface-hydrogen species in a reversible manner to the surface. Concomitantly 4-nitrophenol is adsorbed and the rate-determining step consists of the reduction of nitrophenol by the surface-hydrogen species. The apparent reaction rate can therefore be related to the total surface S of the nanoparticles, to the kinetic constant k related to the rate-determining step, and to the adsorption constants KNip and KBH4 of nitrophenol and of borohydride, respectively. In...
1,047 citations
TL;DR: A novel catalyst based on Fe@Au bimetallic nanoparticles involved graphene oxide was prepared and characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM), and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the nanomaterial was used in catalytic reductions of 4-nitrophenol and 2-nitophenol in the presence of sodium borohydride.
557 citations
TL;DR: An indirect electrochemical method, which is very efficient for the degradation of organic pollutants in water, is described in this paper, which is based on electrocatalytical generation of Fenton's reagent to produce hydroxyl radicals, which are very active toward organic compounds.
Abstract: An indirect electrochemical method, which is very efficient for the degradation of organic pollutants in water, is described. The method, named electro-Fenton, is based on electrocatalytical generation of Fenton's reagent to produce hydroxyl radicals, which are very active toward organic compounds. An industrial pollutant, p-nitrophenol (PNP), was chosen for this study and was eventually mineralized. The major intermediary degradation products such as hydroquinone, benzoquinone, 4-nitrocatechol, 1,2,4-trihydroxybenzene and 3,4,5-trihydroxy- nitrobenzene were unequivocally identified by HPLC and GC-MS methods. The rate constants of the hydroxylation reactions were determined. The mineralization of the initial pollutant and the intermediates formed during electro-Fenton treatment was followed by total organic carbon (TOC) analyses. Dependence of mineralization on the amount of electrical energy consumed is shown by the relative decrease of TOC values. A mineralization reaction mechanism is proposed.
511 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed the dumbbell-and flower-like Au−Fe3O4 heterostructures by thermal decomposition of the iron−oleate complex in the presence of Au nanoparticles (NPs) have been successfully fabricated using different sizes of Au NPs as the seeds for magnetically recyclable catalysis of p-nitrophenol and 2,4-dinitrophensol reduction.
Abstract: The dumbbell- and flower-like Au−Fe3O4 heterostructures by thermal decomposition of the iron−oleate complex in the presence of Au nanoparticles (NPs) have been successfully fabricated using different sizes of Au NPs as the seeds for magnetically recyclable catalysis of p-nitrophenol and 2,4-dinitrophenol reduction. The heterostructures exhibit bifunctional properties with high magnetization and excellent catalytic activity toward nitrophenol reduction. The epitaxial linkages in dumbbell- and flower-like heterostructures are different, leading to the change in magnetic and catalytic properties of the heterostructured nanocatalysts. The pseudo-first-order rate constants for nitrophenol reduction are 0.63−0.72 min−1 and 0.38−0.46 min−1 for dumbbell- and flower-like Au−Fe3O4 heterostructures, respectively. In addition, the heterostructured nanocatalysts show good separation ability and reusability which can be repeatedly applied for nearly complete reduction of nitrophenols for at least six successive cycles....
463 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed the data concerning the atmospheric occurrence of nitrophenols, both in the gas and in the condensed phase (rainwater, cloud, fog and snow).
337 citations