Topic
Non-rapid eye movement sleep
About: Non-rapid eye movement sleep is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 8661 publications have been published within this topic receiving 389465 citations. The topic is also known as: NREM.
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TL;DR: Untreated OSAS patients showed EEG slowing in frontal and central cortical regions during both wakefulness and during REM sleep compared to healthy control subjects and CPAP treatment was found to correct the EEG slowing.
118 citations
TL;DR: The results suggest that REM and non-REM sleep evolved as a differentiation of a single, phylogenetically older sleep state, and it is hypothesized that the physiological changes that occur during postnatal sleep development parallel certain aspects of the changes that have occurred during the evolution of sleep–waking states in mammals.
Abstract: Placental and marsupial mammals exist in three states of consciousness: waking, non-REM sleep, and REM sleep. We now report that the echidna Tachyglossus aculeatus, a representative of the earliest branch of mammalian evolution (the monotremes), does not have the pattern of neuronal activity of either of the sleep states seen in nonmonotreme mammals. Echidna sleep was characterized by increased brainstem unit discharge variability, as in REM sleep. However, the discharge rate decreased and the EEG was synchronized, as in non-REM sleep. Our results suggest that REM and non-REM sleep evolved as a differentiation of a single, phylogenetically older sleep state. We hypothesize that the physiological changes that occur during postnatal sleep development parallel certain aspects of the changes that have occurred during the evolution of sleep-waking states in mammals.
118 citations
TL;DR: It is hypothesized that REM sleep is functionally and homeostatically related to NREM sleep rather than to waking, and the fact that REM- sleep expression is a function of prior NREM-sleep expression supports this hypothesis.
118 citations
TL;DR: A novel method for the classification of sleep stages based on RR-time series and electroencephalogram (EEG) signal is presented and the proposed method has achieved an average accuracy of 85.51%, 94.03% and 95.71% for the Classification of ‘sleep vs wake’, ‘light sleep vs deep sleep’ and ‘rapid eye movement (REM) vs non-rapidEye movement (NREM)’ sleep stages.
118 citations
TL;DR: Overall, the present meta-analysis provides substantial support for the notion that TMR can influence memory storage during NREM sleep, and that this method can be useful for understanding neurocognitive mechanisms of memory consolidation.
Abstract: Targeted memory reactivation (TMR) is a methodology employed to manipulate memory processing during sleep. TMR studies have great potential to advance understanding of sleep-based memory consolidation and corresponding neural mechanisms. Research making use of TMR has developed rapidly, with over 70 articles published in the last decade, yet no quantitative analysis exists to evaluate the overall effects. Here we present the first meta-analysis of sleep TMR, compiled from 91 experiments with 212 effect sizes (N = 2,004). Based on multilevel modeling, overall sleep TMR was highly effective (Hedges' g = 0.29, 95% CI [0.21, 0.38]), with a significant effect for two stages of non-rapid-eye-movement (NREM) sleep (Stage NREM 2: Hedges' g = 0.32, 95% CI [0.04, 0.60]; and slow-wave sleep: Hedges' g = 0.27, 95% CI [0.20, 0.35]). In contrast, TMR was not effective during REM sleep nor during wakefulness in the present analyses. Several analysis strategies were used to address the potential relevance of publication bias. Additional analyses showed that TMR improved memory across multiple domains, including declarative memory and skill acquisition. Given that TMR can reinforce many types of memory, it could be useful for various educational and clinical applications. Overall, the present meta-analysis provides substantial support for the notion that TMR can influence memory storage during NREM sleep, and that this method can be useful for understanding neurocognitive mechanisms of memory consolidation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
118 citations