Topic
Non-rapid eye movement sleep
About: Non-rapid eye movement sleep is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 8661 publications have been published within this topic receiving 389465 citations. The topic is also known as: NREM.
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TL;DR: This work discusses neuronal-network and regional forebrain activity during sleep, and its consequences for consciousness and cognition, and indicates possible roles for sleep in neuroplasticity.
Abstract: Sleep can be addressed across the entire hierarchy of biological organization. We discuss neuronal-network and regional forebrain activity during sleep, and its consequences for consciousness and cognition. Complex interactions in thalamocortical circuits maintain the electroencephalographic oscillations of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. Functional neuroimaging affords views of the human brain in both NREM and REM sleep, and has informed new concepts of the neural basis of dreaming during REM sleep — a state that is characterized by illogic, hallucinosis and emotionality compared with waking. Replay of waking neuronal activity during sleep in the rodent hippocampus and in functional images of human brains indicates possible roles for sleep in neuroplasticity. Different forms and stages of learning and memory might benefit from different stages of sleep and be subserved by different forebrain regions.
746 citations
TL;DR: It is proposed that endogenous sleep pathways are causally involved in dexmedetomidine-induced sedation; dexmedETomidine's sedative mechanism involves inhibition of the LC, which disinhibits VLPO firing.
Abstract: BackgroundThe authors investigated whether the sedative, or hypnotic, action of the general anesthetic dexmedetomidine (a selective α2-adrenoceptor agonist) activates endogenous nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep-promoting pathways.Methodsc-Fos expression in sleep-promoting brain nuclei was assessed
727 citations
TL;DR: The evidence supportive of P2 being the result of independent processes is described and several features, such as its persistence from wakefulness into sleep, the general consensus that unlike most other EEG phenomena it increases with age, and the fact that it can be generated using respiratory stimuli are highlighted.
727 citations
TL;DR: Using positron emission tomography and regional cerebral blood flow measurements, it is shown that waking experience influences regional brain activity during subsequent sleep and supports the hypothesis that memory traces are processed during REM sleep in humans.
Abstract: The function of rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep is still unknown. One prevailing hypothesis suggests that REM sleep is important in processing memory traces. Here, using positron emission tomography (PET) and regional cerebral blood flow measurements, we show that waking experience influences regional brain activity during subsequent sleep. Several brain areas activated during the execution of a serial reaction time task during wakefulness were significantly more active during REM sleep in subjects previously trained on the task than in non-trained subjects. These results support the hypothesis that memory traces are processed during REM sleep in humans.
706 citations
TL;DR: An animal model that has used odor stress to produce poor sleep in rats has identified specific activated brain sites similar to those found in human brain metabolic studies to suggest that insomnia is a state in which sleep and arousal systems are both simultaneously active.
686 citations