Norepinephrine (medication)

About: Norepinephrine (medication) is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 12189 publications have been published within this topic receiving 371139 citations. The topic is also known as: Norepinephrine bitartrate & Norepinephrine (drug).

Cardiovascular effects of a new antihypertensive agent in several species.

Abstract: The effects on blood pressure and heart rate of a new ergoline derivative, 2(R,S)-Cyano-3-(6-methylergolin-8 beta-yl)-propionamide (355/1057), were evaluated in different models of experimental hypertension as well as in normotensive rats, dogs and cats. Its interference with sympathetic neurotransmission was also studied in anaesthetized cats and dogs and in pithed rats. Dose-related hypotensive effects were found after single oral, intraduodenal and intravenous administration. In all the studied experimental models 355/1057 showed a prompt onset of action and a prolonged effect on blood pressure at low doses without substantially modifying heart rate. Some comparative results obtained with other commercially available antihypertensive agents are also reported. One month daily oral administration in SH-rats produced an antihypertensive effect persisting trough the entire experiment with no signs of tachyphylaxis. In anaesthetized dogs 355/1057 inhibited sthe pressor response elicited by bilateral carotid occlusion and in anaesthetized cats it reduced the response of the nictitating membrane elicited by electrical stimulation of both the pre- and post-ganglionic fibers but not by norepinephrine bolus injection.

Effect of Shenfu Injection on Oxygen Metabolism in Patients with Septic Shock

Abstract: Objective:To evaluate the effect of Shenfu injection on oxygen metabolism in patients with septic shock.Methods:52 pa tients with septic shock were divided randomly into control group,which treated with norepinephrine,and:Shenfu groups,which treated with norepinephrine and Shenfu injection.Before and after the drugs were given for 0.5、1、2、4、8、12、16 and 24hours,the changes of output(CO) were monitored through the Swan-Gans vessel.Arterial blood and mixed venous blood were used for blood gas analysis to measure and calculate the following hemodynamic parameters: oxygend elivery(DO2),oxygen consumption(VO2) and oxy gen uptake rate(O2ER).The mixed venous blood lactate were monitored at the same time.Results:① In thetow groups after drugs was given,DO2、VO2、O2ER were increased gradually at the time points(allP0.05).After the drugs were given for 8hours,the oxygen metabolisms of Shenfu group were obviously beterer than those of control group(all P 0.05).②In the tow groups after drugs was giv en,Lac were decreased gradually at the timepoints(allP0.05).After the drugs were given for 12hours,Lac of Shenfu group was ob viously lower than that of control group(allP0.05).Conclusion:Shenfu injection has a much superior effect on improving tissue per fusion and oxygen metabolism,comparised with norepinephrine.

An approach to the evaluation of sympathomimetic amines by measuring the decrease of ear temperature in rabbits and dogs.

Abstract: An attempt was made to quantitatively evaluate the effect of sympathomimetic amines by measuring the decrease in ear temperature, which reflects the constriction of the peripheral vessels, in intact rabbits and dogs. In rabbits, the decrease in ear temperature was proportional to the increasing dose of epinephrine, norepinephrine or ethylphenylephrine when the drugs were given intravenously. The linear regression between the logarithmic dose and the area under time-decreasing curve was highly significant for each drug. The action of l-epinephrine was approximately two times more effective than that of dl-norepinephrine, and the effect of ethylphenylephrine persisted longer than that of the others. Little decrease in ear temperature was observed after intravenous injection of isoproterenol. The ear temperature lowering action of norepinephrine and ethylphenylephrine was inhibited by the pretreatment with phenoxybenzamine. In rabbits and dogs, when ethylphenylephrine was orally given, the linear regression between the logarithmic dose and the area under time-decreasing curve was also highly significant. The present results indicate that the determination of ear temperature is useful for the evaluation of potencies of preparations containing the vasoconstrictors tested.

Effect of catecholamines on splanchnic perfusion in sepsis

Abstract: Splanchnic ischemia is frequent in sepsis and septic shock and is related to impairment in intestinal permeability, derangement in mucosal barrier functions and translocation of proinflammatory mediators. These changes can contribute to the pathogenesis of multiple organ failure. Vasoactive drugs such as dobutamine and dopexamine can improve splanchnic perfusion and gastric intramucosal pH during sepsis. However, contradictory results have been obtained with dopamine and norepinephrine. On the other hand, epinephrine further impairs splanchnic perfusion. In view of the contradictory effects of different vasoactive drugs, gastric tonometry must be measured during their use, to find the optimal drug combination that optimizes splanchnic blood flow.