Showing papers on "Nozzle published in 1972"

Measurement of local entrainment rate in the initial region of axisymmetric turbulent air jets

Abstract: The local entrainment rate in the initial region of axisymmetric turbulent air jets has been measured by a novel method, which is an adaptation of the ‘porous-wall’ technique used by Ricou & Spalding (1961). The local entrainment rate, which is independent of the nozzle Reynolds number for values greater than 6 × 104, is strongly dependent upon the axial distance. At an axial distance of one nozzle diameter the local entrainment rate is only about one-third of that in the fully developed jet; the entrainment rate increases with increasing axial distance to reach the fully developed value at an axial distance of about thirteen nozzle diameters.

Particle sorting method and apparatus

Abstract: A particle sorting method and apparatus for separating minute particles incorporated in a liquid stream in accordance with selected particle parameters. Particles such as biological cells to be separated are incorporated in the inner or central portion of a confined coaxial flow stream which includes an outer cellfree fluid sheath portion. This coaxial flow stream is released through a vibrating nozzle for inspection by one or more cell sensing means for sensing cells in the jet stream immediately downstream of the nozzle. Beam illumination and/or observation of the jet stream for particle sensing is effected outside of the nozzle. Vibration of the nozzle breaks the coaxial jet stream into a series of uniform drops downstream of the cell sensing means, and signals from said means are used to initiate delayed charging pulses applied to preselected cell-containing drops as they break from the vibrating fluid jet. Nozzle vibration is synchronized with the charging pulse to prevent separation of drops from the stream during the drop charging pulse on and off transition times, thereby preventing undesired drop charging. The drops pass between charged deflection plates where the charged drops are deflected into appropriate receptacles. By using a plurality of sensing means such that all cells are sensed by one sensor, and only certain cells, i.e. cells characterized by a particular parameter value, are sensed by another sensor, drops containing both cells characterized by a particular parameter and cells not characterized by that parameter can be sorted away from the receptacle for cells characterized by that particular parameter.

Chemical vapor deposition of coatings

Abstract: A metal oxide coating is applied to a hot glass surface by contacting the surface with a mixture of carrier air, vaporized solvent and a vaporized metal containing reactant. The mixture is directed against the glass through an elongated, converging slot-nozzle, the interior surfaces of which have an increasing radius of curvature towards the exit end, nozzle at a Reynolds number exceeding 2500 with the nozzle-to-glass spacing at least 1.25 times the characteristic dimension of the nozzle.

Effect of nozzle boundary layers on rocket exhaust plumes.

Abstract: T expansion of a nozzle boundary layer into a vacuum has been treated numerically by Boynton. Following Weinbaum and Weiss and Weinbaum, Boynton treated the expansion as inviscid with the initial conditions specified by the viscous layer. Boynton demonstrated large differences in the plume properties when the influence of the supersonic portion of the nozzle boundary layer was included. In this Note, an effort is made to generalize Boynton's results and express the plume properties in terms of the boundary-layer thickness and nozzle exit conditions.

Fuel tank insert for admitting preselected pump nozzles

Abstract: An insert to be positioned within the fuel tank inlet pipe of an automotive vehicle to prevent filling the tank with improper fuels. The insert would permit entry of and delivery from a pump nozzle spout of a predetermined diameter of less, to be used with non-leaded fuels and would preclude entry of and delivery from a larger diameter pump nozzle spout, to be used with leaded fuels. The insert includes a hinged gage having a latch which can be tripped by the smaller diameter nozzle but not by the larger diameter nozzle.

Fuel injection nozzle holder installation

Abstract: A fuel line installation for a fuel injection nozzle holder comprises two intercommunicating bores formed in the cylinder head, the first of which receives the nozzle holder. A fuel delivery tube, received within the second bore, communicates with the nozzle holder through a conical fitting at the end of the tube. A distance tube encircles the fuel delivery tube and engages the fitting to maintain it in a conical opening in the nozzle holder. The distance tube, in turn, is held against the conical fitting by an elongated annular fitting also encircling the fuel delivery tube and screwed into the free end of the second bore. The second bore and the tubes are dimensioned to provide an annular passage betweeen the distance tube and the interior surface of the bore. In operation, fuel is delivered to the nozzle holder through the fuel delivery tube and return fuel is conducted away from the nozzle holder through the annular passage.

Machine for the injection molding of a mixture of plasticized synthetic material

Abstract: An apparatus for producing particularly large-surface objects by injection-molding in a mold a mixture of plasticized synthetic material and a foaming agent, which comprises the steps of feeding the mixture to a plurality of complete injection-molding units, each including an injection-molding cylinder, an injection molding piston reciprocating in the cylinder and an injectionmolding nozzle. The mixture is injected through all injectionmolding nozzles by means of the individual injection-molding pistons into a mold.

Nozzle pressure control system

Abstract: Hose nozzle pressure control means for a fire engine pumper of the type having a pump driven by a truck engine comprising, engine governor means connected to and responsive to the pump output pressure and engine throttle means to regulate engine speed to maintain pump output pressure, a motorized valve connected between said pump and said hose, and means to control said valve from said nozzle location. The valve control means comprises a transmitter located at said nozzle, a receiver and control means connected to said receiver and responsive to said transmitter to control said valve. The transmitter is connected to said receiver means by wire or by radio.

Portable fire extinguisher

Abstract: A back-pack water tank is connected by a hose to a hand-held gun having a discharge nozzle, and a selectively operable compressed gas-driven pump is positioned between the tank and the nozzle for pumping water at high pressure through the nozzle. The pump is driven by compressed air from a pressure bottle carried on the water tank, and connected with the pump through a valve. In one embodiment a breathing mask is provided for the fireman, and is connected with a bladder carried by the water tank and supplied with air from the air discharge of the pump, or from the pressure bottle.

Apparatus and process for burning liquid hydrocarbons in a synthesis gas generator

Abstract: This disclosure pertains to a triple-orifice burner and process for atomizing a stream of normally liquid hydrocarbon with a separate stream of free-oxygen-containing gas a finite distance downstream from the tip of the burner and for simultaneously enveloping the mixed streams with a separate stream of temperature-moderating gas so that none of the three streams comes into contact with any other gas with which it is combustible until it reaches a distance downstream from the tips of the burner orifices beyond that close enough to cause appreciable deterioration of the tips when reaction takes place in a free-flow partial oxidation gas generator at a temperature in the range of about 1,200* to 3500*F. and at a pressure in the range of about 1 to 275 atmospheres to produce a gaseous mixture comprising principally H2 and CO, e.g., synthesis gas, reducing gas, or fuel gas. While the liquid hydrocarbon is passed through the burner at a velocity in the range of about 10 to 100 feet per second, both the stream of free-oxygen-containing gas and the stream of temperature-moderating gas may be passed through the burner at velocities up to sonic velocity when it is desired to offset the effects of variable back pressure in the gas generator. The burner comprises three coaxial concentric nozzles whose tips are recessed from the downstream tip of the burner and which discharge into a single unobstructed coaxial central outwardlydiverging passage with an annular face of convex configuration at the extremity of the downstream tip of the burner. An imaginary plane tangent to said annular face at its outermost extremity is normal to the burner axis. The three nozzles provide, respectively, a central passage with a circular opening for discharging a stream of liquid hydrocarbon, an intermediate converging annular passage for discharging a stream of freeoxygen-containing gas, and an outer converging annular passage for discharging a stream of temperature-moderating gas, such as steam. An annular coolant chamber is disposed about the outside periphery of said outer discharge passage and downstream burner tip.

Pressure control valve

Abstract: A pressure control valve comprising a valve spool movably mounted within a valve housing for controlling the coupling between inlet and outlet ports, the valve spool defining first and second chambers within the housing, a first passage for supplying the input fluid pressure through a first orifice to the first chamber to urge the valve spool in one direction, a second passage for connecting the first chamber to an outlet port through a second orifice, a third passage for supplying the input fluid pressure through a third orifice to the second chamber to urge the valve spool in the other direction, a fourth passage connecting the second chamber to a reservoir through a nozzle controlled by a flapper valve whereby the valve spool acts so as to control the output fluid pressure in proportion to the size of the opening of the nozzle.

Aerosol spray device with cam activator

Abstract: An aerosol spray device of a type capable of holding an aerosol can in position for periodic operation in response to contact with a motor-driven camming means which contacts the upwardly disposed spray nozzle thereon to activate a valve disposed therebeneath. A unitary molded casing element forms a battery chamber which is externally accessible through an opening in a rearwardly disposed wall, the battery chamber shielding batteries disposed therein from any stray vapors within the casing element. The casing element forms track means slidably supporting an adjustably located chassis which mounts the timing means, as well as the motor-driven camming means. By shifting the chassis relative to the casing element, the period of time during a given operational cycle in which the nozzle is contacted and moved to spraying position is varied, thereby varying the amount of spray dispensed. The timing means includes a capacitor which is charged by the motor while it is coasting to a stop at the completion of a cycle, the condensor being discharged at the beginning of the next timing cycle to conserve battery power.

Device for controlling a mixture of two gases

Abstract: A device for controlling a mixture of two gases comprises two nozzles mounted in the extension of one another and movable one with reference to the other, a ring, provided with an internal screw thread, being mounted in movable manner on a stationary sleeve enclosing one of the nozzles, the other one being mounted so as to be able to slide inside the said sleeve, at least one slot being provided in the sleeve, one driving member for the second nozzle, cooperating with such slot, being secured to the wall of the said nozzle and entering freely in the ring, so as to permit the said nozzle to move inside the device by making the ring rotate around its axis with reference to said sleeve.

Gas generator with liquid phase cooling

Abstract: A cylindrical housing has one closed end wall and an opposite end wall provided with an atomizing nozzle and a pair of concentric rows of nozzles encircling the atomizing nozzle. A flexible container within the housing contains a mixture of water and ethyl alcohol. A conduit connects the atomizing nozzle and the container. A charge of propellant material is located within the housing. When the charge is ignited, the hot gases compress the container to force the liquid therein through the conduit and the atomizing nozzle to atomize the liquid. The droplets mix with the hot gases flowing through the concentric rows of nozzles to cool the gases as the gases flow to an inflatable occupant restraint cushion.

Impingement cooling performance in gas turbine airfoils including effects of leading edge sharpness

Abstract: An experimental study of the heat transfer characteristics of impingement into cavities which model the cooled leading edges of gas turbine engine airfoils is presented. The study includes both two-dimensional slot jets and single lines of evenly-spaced circular jets. For broad cylindrical cavities correlations are given for the maximum heat transfer rates attainable with optimum positioning of the jet nozzle with respect to the cooled surface. For elongated narrow cavities heat transfer rates relative to these maximum values are presented for a variety of cavity shapes.

A comparison of disturbance levels measured in hypersonic tunnels using a hot-wire anemometer and a pitot pressure probe.

Abstract: Disturbance levels were measured in the test section of a Mach 5 blowdown jet using a constant-current, hot-wire anemometer and a pressure transducer. The disturbance levels, measured by the two instruments and normalized by local mean values, agreed within about 30%, with the pitot data higher than the hot-wire data. The rms disturbance levels measured with the hot-wire anemometer and converted to pitot pressures using a quasi-steady flow analysis, were about two-thirds the levels measured with the pitot probe. The variation of the normalized rms disturbance levels with stagnation pressure indicated that transition occurred in the boundary layer on the nozzle wall and influenced the outputs of the instruments located at the exit of the nozzle when the total pressure was about 35 N/sq cm. Below this pressure the disturbance levels decreased markedly. At higher pressures the disturbances were predominantly aerodynamic noise generated by the turbulent boundary layer on the nozzle wall.

Mixing and dispensing gun having a replaceable nozzle

Abstract: A dispensing gun for fluids such as urethane foam and the like is provided in which separate fluid components are individually led to the gun and are mixed within a replaceable mixing and dispensing nozzle member. After gun use, the used nozzle member can be removed for cleaning or replacement with a fresh nozzle, thereby obviating difficulties encountered in cleaning and purging the entire gun. Also disclosed are inexpensive and effective component fluid flow control valves, which are opened by a gun trigger. Each valve is positively closed into a fluidtight seal by pressure of the controlled fluid against a sealing resilient ball member, and is opened by the action of a plunger against the ball member.

Pressure regulator assembly

Abstract: A pressure regulator assembly that includes a valve body, a bonnet mounted on the body and in combination with the body mounting a flexible diaphragm to separate the body control chamber and bonnet chamber, a nozzle and back cap mounted by the body to provide an inlet chamber, a valve stem assembly extended through the inlet chamber and nozzle and resiliently urged toward the bonnet to block fluid flow through the nozzle to the control chamber, a centering disc abutting against the diaphragm and the valve stem assembly to in cooperation with a spring coiled about a circular axis retain the valve stem assembly radially spaced from the nozzle bore and back cap bore, a filter screen in the inlet chamber, and spring mechanism in the bonnet resiliently urging the diaphragm toward the back cap. In one embodiment an eyelet secures the diaphragm support plate to the diaphragm, and in combination with an integral, raised, annular ring portion (boss) on the diaphragm side of the centering disc and abutting against the diaphragm in surrounding relationship to the eyelet provides for a self-relieving feature, while in the second embodiment the diaphragm support plate is not secured to the diaphragm and no raised ring portion is provided on the diaphragm side of the centering disc. In the second embodiment an adjustment knob is threaded to the bonnet and has part of the adjusting spring extended a substantial distance into the knob bore for the purpose of providing more space for the adjusting spring without increasing the size of the bonnet.

Multiple purpose nozzle

Abstract: A nozzle located at the discharge end of a container includes a tubular member and a cap thereon. The tubular member has a passage in communication with the container interior for passage therethrough of the container contents to be dispensed. The cap is adjustably mounted on the tubular member and is capable of being turned to a first position at which the passage of the tubular member is closed to prevent the passage of the material to be dispensed. The cap is adapted to be turned to a plurality of discharge positions depending upon the discharge pattern desired. In these positions the passage is open and is placed in communication with a discharge opening and surrounding recesses in the closed end of the cap through a passageway defined by cooperating surfaces of a slotted core portion and surrounding slotted core skirt of the tubular member and a slotted boss cooperating with the core and skirt of the tubular member when the cap is assembled to the tubular member. Variation of the relationship between the slots adjust the flow of fluid between a no-flow position, a variety of spray positions, and a steady stream position.

System for cooling material using co{11 {11 snow

Abstract: High pressure liquid CO2 is expanded through nozzles to produce CO2 snow which is applied to the material being cooled. CO2 vapor is suitably connected, as through a check valve, to a location between the snow nozzle and a control valve therefor. Vapor pressure is regulated so that CO2 vapor will be immediately supplied to flush liquid CO2 from the conduit leading to the snow nozzle whenever snow-making is halted. When an insulated cooling enclosure is used, as in a food freezer, a continuous flow of CO2 vapor is maintained through the nozzles sufficient to prevent the entry of ambient air into the enclosure when snow-making is temporarily halted.

Experimental investigation of an axisymmetric free jet with an initially uniform velocity profile

Abstract: An experimental investigation was conducted to determine the flow characteristics of a circular free helium jet having an initially uniform velocity profile. Complete velocity profiles are presented at Reynolds numbers of 1027 and 4571 at 0, 3, 6, 10, 15, and 20 nozzle diameters (where possible) from the nozzle exit. Centerline velocity decay and potential core length were obtained over a range of Reynolds numbers from 155 to 5349 at distances up to and including 25 nozzle diameters from the nozzle exit. The angles of spread associated with the diffusion of the jet downstream of the nozzle are also given. Axial jet momentum flux and entrained mass flux, at various distances downstream of the nozzle, are presented as a function of the jet Reynolds number.

Nozzle tip of a spray gun of the airless type

Abstract: A nozzle tip of a spray gun of the airless type in which a slot is formed at a forward end of the nozzle tip which slot has a bottom at which a nozzle orifice opens and two opposite walls disposed parallel to each other and along the major axis of the nozzle orifice, each wall having an inner surface inclined outwardly in going from bottom to top so that the slot is trapezoidal in cross-sectional shape The nozzle orifice at its edge is substantially in the form of a rectangle with four sides thereof being slightly curved outwardly, and a connecting portion between the nozzle orifice and a passage for the paint inside the gun is elliptically curved, the degree of elliptic curving varying depending on the specific gravity and viscosity of the paint used The nozzle tip shaped and configured as aforementioned represents an improvement in conventional nozzle tips of the type described, permitting the production of a tail or a maximum thickness portion near each of opposite end portions of the pattern of a coat of paint applied by a conventional nozzle tip to be avoided

Installation for the mechanical-biological purification of waste water

Abstract: An installation for the mechanical-biological purification of waste water or sewage incorporating at least one biological stage and one post-clarification stage, the post-clarification stage incorporating a filter. The filter is a drum filter having a filter surface wherein at the inflow or deposit side thereof there engages a suction nozzle which extends transversely with respect to the direction of relative movement between the filter surface and the suction nozzle.

Manually operated sprayer

Abstract: A hand operated sprayer adapted to be threaded on a bottle, or other liquid container. A trigger-like handle actuates a piston which pumps liquid from the container and discharges it through a nozzle, reversed flow being prevented by inlet and outlet checks in inlet and outlet passages respectively leading from the container to the cylinder and from the cylinder to the nozzle.

Quick disconnect nozzle

Abstract: A quick disconnect nozzle intended primarily for irrigation sprinklers, comprising a fitting screwthreaded for connection to a sprinkler outlet and having diametrically disposed L-slots each having a yieldable wall provided with a retainer projection, and a nozzle member having diametrially diametrically pins received in the L-slots and interlocking with the fitting but capable of ready removal manually, the fitting and nozzle member having mating sealing surfaces, and the nozzle members having bores of different diameter or closed off to provide a cap in substitute for a nozzle.

Stable Hydrocarbon Diffusion Flames in a Weightless Environment

Abstract: An experimental investigation of stable laminar ethylene and propylene diffusion flames burning on a nozzle in weightlessness was performed at the NASA-Lewis 2.2 Second Drop Tower. For a range of low flow conditions, visual evidence indicated that the flames reaction zone was burning over a wide range of combustion rates; however, for the purposes of correlating flame length the stoichiometric burning rate appeared adequate. It was found that if Re is the ambient pure fuel Reynolds number based on nozzle radius, Sc is the ambient pure fuel Schmidt number, and c, is the mole fraction of fuel burning stoichiometrically in air, the ratio of flame length to nozzle radius was predicted and experimentally verified to be proportional to Sc1/2 Re ln1/2 (1/(1−c8)).

Solenoid valve with nozzle

Abstract: A fuel injection valve having a hollow plastic nozzle with a discharge orifice at its front end, and a plastic bobbin with a hollow barrel and spaced flanges, the nozzle and barrel being in spaced alignment, and a coil surrounding the barrel between the flanges. A valve plunger in the nozzle is movable between closed and opened positions and has a front end which closes the orifice in the closed position, the plunger forming a first fluid passage communicating with the orifice. A magnetic casing surrounds a part of the nozzle and the bobbin and coil, and holds the nozzle and bobbin in assembled relation, the casing having a portion bridging the space between the nozzle and barrel. An armature is attached to the rear end of the plunger and has a portion extending into the space between the nozzle and bobbin and defining a first, fixed airgap with the bridging portion of the casing, the armature also forming a second fluid passage communicating with the first passage. A magnetic core is positioned in the barrel and forms a second airgap with the armature in its closed position, the core, casing and armature forming a magnetic circuit for the coil. The core forms a third fluid passage communicating with the second passage, and a spring normally biases the armature and plunger to the closed position. The core is secured to the casing, and the casing includes an inlet conduit communicating with the third passage.