Showing papers on "Nozzle published in 1984"

Numerical calculation of the fluid dynamics of drop-on-demand jets

Abstract: A numerical method that makes use of the complete incompressible flow equations with a free surface is discussed and used to study an impulsively driven laminar jet. Flow behavior dependence upon fluid properties (characterized by a Reynolds number over Weber number nondimensionalization) is compared jor drop integrity purposes. Several variations of square wave pressure history applied at a nozzle inlet are discussed in relation to drop velocities produced and structure of ejected drops. Timewise development of flow both interior and exterior to the nozzle is illustrated through computed contour sequences.

Fuel injector for an internal combustion engine

Abstract: An electronically controllable, ultra-high pressure fuel injector comprises a differential pressure type injection nozzle which is opened and closed by an actuating element operated by a hydraulic power cylinder including a piston received in a working chamber. Working fuel to the working chamber of the power cylinder is ON/OFF controlled by an electronically controllable solenoid valve which when energized releases the pressure in the working chamber to open the injection nozzle. In order to ensure that the power cylinder is controlled by a compact, high response solenoid valve, the construction of the power cylinder and the injection nozzle is such that the force applied to the power cylinder piston by the working fuel pressure in the working chamber is substantially greater than the force applied to the actuating element by the fuel pressure in the pressure chamber in the injection nozzle or the fuel pressure in the passage for supplying the working fuel. Preferably, the fuel injector is provided with an injection rate control arrangement such as a flow control arrangement for limiting the flow rate of working fuel as it enters the working chamber and for increasing the flow rate of the working fuel as it is released therefrom, so that the rate of injection increases gradually at the outset of fuel injection but rapidly drops at the completion of the injection.

Multiple pattern spray nozzle

Abstract: A multiple pattern spray nozzle is provided for connection to a supply of water under pressure, wherein the spray nozzle is adjustable upon movement of a single selector ring to one of several different spray pattern settings. The spray nozzle comprises a nozzle housing for mounting, for example, onto a hose end trigger valve or the like and supporting a stem unit for receiving the supply of water under pressure. A pair of flow control sleeves are carried by a perforate faceplate for sliding movement relative to the stem unit and nozzle housing to define different water flow paths leading respectively from the stem unit to different nozzle outlets formed by the faceplate in cooperation with the stem unit and nozzle housing. The selector ring in turn supports the faceplate and flow control sleeves and is threaded onto the nozzle housing for rotation thereabout to displace the flow control sleeves to select the water flow path and associated nozzle outlet open to water flow, thereby selecting the spray pattern setting. In the preferred form, the selector ring is rotatable to any one of five different setting positions to provide a discharged water stream in the form of a low flow mist, a conical spray, a narrow collimated jet spray, a gentle shower spray, or a generous low-force soaker flow.

High velocity particulate containing fluid jet process

Abstract: Process for introducing solid particles into fluid streams under accurate control. Several embodiments of nozzle apparatus are disclosed utilizing a central fluid orifice or orifices and peripheral solids orifices for mixing the solids into the fluid stream. When multiple fluid orifices are utilized, an area of lower pressure is formed in the central portion of the combined fluid stream thereby aiding in the mixture of the solids into the fluid stream. A flow shaping nozzle is provided at the exit of the apparatus to increase the mixing of the solids within the fluid jets stream. The flow shaping nozzle may have both axial and radial freedom of movement for forming the fluid-solids stream and self-alignment, respectively. The process of this invention, in one preferred embodiment, involves introduction of the solids in the form of a foam into the fluid jet stream. The process of this invention is particularly well suited for abrasive uses of cutting hard materials such as reinforced concrete and steel, as well as utilization with a peripheral air shroud for underwater purposes.

Optical features of flow cytometry apparatus

Abstract: A flow cytometry apparatus includes a transparent liquid flow chamber and a nozzle for providing a stream of particles, to be analyzed, through the flow chamber. A light source is provided along with a lens for focusing the light from the source at a region within the flow chamber through which the particles pass and for collecting light associated with those particles. Photoreceptors and the like are provided for detecting one or more characteristics of the particles related to light which strikes the particles. A spring or like biasing member provides and maintains stability between the lens and the flow chamber to particularly stabilize the relative axial position of the flow chamber and the lens.

Annulus bypass peripheral nozzle jet pump pressure differential drilling tool and method for well drilling

Abstract: A pressure differential drilling tool and method of underbalanced pressure controlled well bore drilling, characterized by a modulating plug closely expanded to the well bore diameter to form an annulus for external bypass of well fluid immediately above the drill bit and through which the drill string continuously makes hole, and by an upwardly disposed peripheral nozzle jet pump with controlled suction of fluid from the bit so as to establish a reduced and/or underbalanced fluid pressure condition at the bit-to-bore bottom interface for operating the drill bit at an increased rate of penetration while maintaining a higher pressure condition in the well bore annulus above the modulating plug controllably expanded by hydraulic pressure applied to operate the jet pump

Ink-jet head

Abstract: PURPOSE:To make it possible to certainly remove air bubbles in a nozzle, by integrally forming a supply pipe for supplying ink to the nozzle and the nozzle as an almost linear glass tube while arranging said tube on a carriage in such a state that the leading end of said tube for injecting ink droplets is inclined to an upward direction CONSTITUTION:A carriage 7' almost simillar to a carriage 7 is attached to a yoke 6 in a freely slidable manner and the upper surface thereof is inclined downwardly toward a rear part thereof so as to correspond to the bottom surface shape of the holder 9' of an ink jet head mounted thereon That is, the bottom surface of the holder 9' is inclined toward the rear part thereof and a nozzle 22 having a piezoelectric element 11 mounted thereto is arranged in the holder 9' along the bottom surface thereof The nozzle 22 is formed into an almost linear hollow cylindrical shape which is throttled into an almost cone shape at the leading end part thereof and has an ink jet orifice 22a formed to the leading end thereof as well as formed of glass as a whole and has an elongated lenth as a whole Because the nozzle 22 is linearly formed and arranged so as to upwardly incline the leading end thereof, air bubbles are moved to an upward direction by its buoyancy even if present in the nozzle 22 and discharged to the open air from the jet orifice 22a and automatically removed

Floor nozzle of electric cleaner

Abstract: PURPOSE:To preclude water intrusion into the body of a cleaning machine for prevention of a motor from poor insulating and imperfect functioning, by arranging a brush ahead a suction hole which opens at the bottom surface of a nozzle, and fixing felt with water absorbent arranged dispersively to the undersurface of the brush. CONSTITUTION:Felt 10 with dispersively arranged powder-form water absorbent 9 consisting of high polymer material is fitted to the undersurface of a brush 8 installed ahead a suction hole 7 and supported with possibility of vertical sliding in a guide hole 11 provided in a lower nozzle member 3. An operational lever 12 is mounted on the oversurface of an upper nozzle member 2 with possibility of sliding in the horizontal direction, and in its inside a movable plate 13 in contact with the upper end face of the brush 8 is arranged. The brush 8 is depressed by this movable plate 13 interlocked with the operational lever 12 to be slided horizontally to cause downward protrusion of a lower nozzle member 3 at the bottom surface. If water or moist dust exists on the floor surface, the felt 10 of the brush 8 will contact, and the water, etc., on the floor surface is absorbed momentarily by the water absorbent 9 arranged in the felt 10 dispersively to prevent the water from being sucked in the body of electric cleaner.

Wet-dry vacuum cleaner

Abstract: A vacuum cleaner for use with both dry and wet operation is formed of a housing which encloses a blower and a motor for driving the blower, the cleaner further including a canister having a nozzle and a storage chamber beneath the nozzle, which canister is removably securable to the front end of the housing. An intake port for air under suction is provided at the front end of the housing, the port having a liquid-deflecting hood extending from an upper portion thereof into the chamber for deflecting any liquid exiting from a posterior port of the nozzle into the chamber. The intake port for the entry of the air under suction is formed within a partition which extends across the housing, the lower portion of the partition serving as a wall which extends upward from the bottom of the housing to the bottom of the intake port to retain liquid, separated from the air stream, within the chamber. An alternative embodiment of the intake port is configured as an inlet chamber having a front wall with a forwardly extending snout, the opening of the snout being positioned above an exit port of the nozzle.

Modelling reactive gas flows within shock tunnels

Abstract: An iterative method is presented for modelling reactive gas flows within shock tunnels. The method overcomes both the problem of the stiffness of the chemical rate equations, which arises due to the greatly varying reaction' rates, and the throat singularity in the velocity equation for subsonicsupersonic flow within a Laval nozzle. The effects of Coulomb interactions which depress the ionization potential of the ionic species can also be included because of the iterative nature of the method. The method computes the state of the gas both along the flow and within the reservoir or stagnation region. Sample computations are given for air, carbon dioxide and nitrogen for reservoir-nozzle gas flows and for flows behind normal shocks.

High-pressure catheter with a cutting and/or abrasion device

Abstract: If water emerges at high pressure through a nozzle it can be used for cutting, and this effect was utilised by Japanese researchers for severing the hepatic tissue of a rat with a water gun or nozzle which had a diameter of only 0.2 mm, using 10 atm. If these conditions are extrapolated to a pressure-tight catheter, called high-pressure catheter by me, 17.5 atm are necessary for this purpose according to calculations. Such high-pressure catheters can be inserted transluminally via the skin in stenosed or partially occluded pathways in the body, for example highly sclerosed coronary arteries for the gentle re-opening of pathological occlusions of pathways and for elimination of numerous stenoses. If segmentally arranged nozzles which are located obliquely toward the back and proximally on the nozzle head and form foci or coherent foci annularly are used and if the foci of the nozzle jets project above the lateral outer edge of the nozzle head, an abrasion effect is obtained at the front of the high-pressure catheter in addition to the forward motion, and this should also be utilised for the preparation of effective curettes, for example for extraction of the endometrium.

Surgical nozzle apparatus

Abstract: A surgical nozzle apparatus used for removing an undesired tissue with a jet of pressurized fluid. A handpiece including a fluid injecting nozzle piece and a valve assembly capable of cutting off the supply of the pressurized fluid to the nozzle piece, further includes a suction nozzle opening at a position downstream of the nozzle piece. The suction nozzle is connected to external suction means so that the waste fluid and the separated tissue at a surgically treated part are simultaneously sucked and discharged during the operation.

Adhesive application apparatus

Abstract: An adhesive application apparatus for automatically applying a strip of adhesive material of predefined shape accurately to the periphery of either the window opening in a motor vehicle or a pane of glass sized to cover that window opening, the apparatus comprising a pressurised supply means feeding adhesive material under pressure to a nozzle (16) of a dispensing means (14), said nozzle being carried upon a rigid framework (52) in such a fashion that the nozzle can be moved in any direction relative to the surface on which the strip of adhesive material is to be placed by means of DC servo drive motors (44, 74 and 84), and the tip of the nozzle can be accurately guided around said periphery by a nozzle angle adjustment means operated by a DC servo drive motor (92), the rate at which the adhesive material is supplied to the nozzle (16) and the rates of operation of all four of the DC servo motors (44, 74, 84 and 92) all being under the full control of a computer numerical control system.

LDV measurements of drop velocity in diesel-type sprays

Abstract: Drop velocity measurements were made within nonvaporizing, steady, diesel-type, fast dense sprays from single-hole nozzles into compressed nitrogen. The spray gas was n-hexane and velocity data were taken with laser Doppler anemometry. All data were gathered in steady spray conditions. The effects of variations in the gas/liquid density ratios, injection pressures and nozzle geometries were examined in terms of axial and radial drop velocity components. The entrained gas structure was dominant at about 300 nozzle diameters downstream. The injection momentum and nozzle diameter were found to be sufficient data for calculating the steady-state centerline velocity and the tip penetration rate. Further studies of the nonequilibrium developing region up to the 300 diameters distance are necessary for employing the results for engine calculations. 29 references.

Polymorphism in Vapor Deposited Amorphous Solid Water

Abstract: The physical properties of vapor deposited amorphous solid water, (H2O]as, are known to depend strongly on the details of preparation. Various parameters were found to have an influence, for example the rate of deposition, the substrate temperature and so on (1,2). We observed a further parameter to be important for the preparation of (H2O)as which has not been discussed yet: supersonic flow of the water vapor and condensation of the vapor to clusters already in the gas phase (3). The usual procedure for preparing (H2O)as is to admit water vapor through a capillary info a high vacuum system and condense the vapor on a cryoplate. The exit of the capillary can act as a nozzle and from water vapor pressure and nozzle diameter it can be calculated that for the usual deposition conditions supersonic flow and possibly formation of clusters in the gas phase will occur. In contrast, a baffle between nozzle exit axnd cryoplate has the effect to break up supersonic flow and give water vapor consisting only of monomers. The amorphous deposits prepared either way look very different: supersonic flow gives a white deposit with a very rugged surface, whereas baffled flow gives transparent deposits with a smooth surface.

Automotive fuel filler system

Abstract: The fuel filling system includes double pipe fuel delivery and tank venting plumbing. Both fuel delivery pipe and tank venting pipe are flexible and communicate with the gas tank through normally closed check valves. An inlet housing defines a vent cut-off chamber which communicates with the tank venting pipe, and also includes an annular nozzle embracing seal for isolating the end of the gas pump nozzle from the vent cut-off chamber. The gas tank is thus fully sealed by the check valves during driving, so that fuel will not spill from the tank should the filling system plumbing become ruptured or should the vehicle become overturned as a result of a collision. Fuel is introduced into the tank under positive pressure provided by the filling station fuel pump. Under pumping pressure, the check valves opens to permit the inflow of fuel and the outflow of air displaced from within the tank.

Heated nozzle for injection molding apparatus

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved heated nozzle for injection molding and an improved method of manufacturing it. The nozzle has an elongated body with a melt bore extending generally centrally through it. The cylindrical outer surface of the body has a variable pitched spiral channel extending around it along its length. A helical electric heating element is embedded in the channel to form an integral structure by which the temperature of the hot melt can be maintained within a narrow range as it flows through the bore. The nozzle is manufactured by forming the body with the channel and bore either by investment casting or machining. The heating element is wound in the channel and a bead of nickel brazing paste is run along the top of it. The nozzle is then heated in a vacuum furnace to braze the heating element in the channel. The highly conductive nickel completely covers the heating element and is fused to both the heating element and the walls of the channel. Thus, a low cost integral nozzle is provided which during use efficiently dissipates heat from the element to prolong its effective life, and applies the heat uniformly along the melt bore.

Plant watering/misting device

Abstract: A portable plant spraying/watering device includes a reservoir holding liquid to be dispensed, a hand-held dispensing device, and structure for delivering the liquid to the dispensing device The dispensing device includes a housing, first and second variable flow valves fluidly connected to the liquid-delivering structure, a spray nozzle fluidly connected to the first valve, and a stream nozzle fluidly connected to the second valve, so that the liquid may be dispensed in spray or stream form selectively by opening the first or second valve, respectively

Fuel nozzle for gas turbine engine

Abstract: A fuel nozzle designed to reduce pollutant emissions and minimize the buildup of coke in the secondary fuel passage of a dual orifice fuel nozzle for the combustor of a gas turbine engine sizes the orifices and passages of the air and fuel so as to increase the pressure in the secondary passage during its inoperative mode and when the primary fuel passage is in the operative mode and having the air and fuel issuing from both the primary and secondary orifices swirl in the same direction.

Shell forming system

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for forming gas-filled spheres of metal, glass or other material, which produces spheres (12) of uniform size and wall thickness in a relatively simple system. The system includes concentric nozzles, including an inner nozzle (18) through which gas flows and and an outer nozzle (20), which jointly define an annular passageway (50) through which a liquid flows. The flow rates are adjusted so that the gas flows at greater velocity than does the liquid, out of their respective nozzles, e.g. three times as great, in order to produce an extrusion (30) which undergoes axisymmetric oscillations resulting in the pinch off into hollow spheres with very uniform spacing. The system is useful not only where gas-filled spheres are required, but also is useful to accurately control the dispensing of solid, liquid, or gaseous materials.

Bubbles Rising in a Tube and Jets Falling from a Nozzle.

Abstract: The shape of a two‐dimensional bubble rising at a constant velocity U in a tube of width h is computed. The flow is assumed to be inviscid and incompressible. The problem is solved numerically by collocation. The results confirm Garabedian’s findings. There exists a unique solution for each value of the Froude number F=U/( gh)1/2 smaller than a critical value Fc. Here g denotes the acceleration of gravity. It is found that Fc =0.36. In addition the problem of a jet emerging from a vertical nozzle is considered. It is shown that the slope of the free surface at the separation points is horizontal for F Fc. Graphs and tables of the results are included.

Electromagnetic unit fuel injector

Abstract: An electromagnetic unit fuel injector (1) for use in a . diesel engine includes a housing (5) with a pump therein defined by an externally actuated plunger (27) reciprocable in a bushing (12) and defining therewith a pump chamber (31) for the discharge of fuel to a spring-biased, pressure-actuated fuel injection nozzle (70). The pump chamber (31) is also connected to a fuel chamber (32) via a solenoid-actuated, normally-open, pressure-balanced control-valve- controlled passage (45) to permit the ingress and egress of fuel. The solenoid (2) and control valve (50) are located concentrically with respect to the plunger (27). During a pump stroke, the solenoid (2) can be energized to move the valve (50) in position to block flow from the pump chamber (31) to the fuel chamber (32) so as to allow the pressurization of fuel by the pump to effect discharge of fuel from the injection nozzle (70).

Reduced fiber insulation nozzle

Abstract: A fiber insulation application nozzle having a small opening for introducing insulation into cavities through a small opening is provided. The diameter of the body portion of the nozzle corresponds with the diameter of the conventional deliver hose from an insulation blowing machine. The nozzle includes a reducing section tapering to an exit portion having a diameter one-third of the main body. A gas injector tube is introduced along the inside surface of the exit portion of the nozzle and is directed along the surface. Fiber insulation in the nozzle is compressed prior to entering the exit portion. The gas injected into the exit portion aids in moving the particles through the nozzle. The compressed fibers are surrounded by high pressure gas and are caused to expand into a fluffed condition upon leaving the nozzle. An impinging stream of liquid adhesive is provided within the exit portion of the nozzle so as to thoroughly wet and coat the insulation fibers within the nozzle as they exit the nozzle. As the fibers expand and fill the cavity in the fluffed condition the adhesive sets forming a rigid mass of insulation. Wedge shaped ramps can be provided within the nozzle so as to produce a turbulent flow within the nozzle. Adhesive spray nozzles can be mounted on the exterior side of the nozzle so that the applying surface will be wetted prior to the depositing of the wetted fibers.

Self-contained fluid pump aerosol dispenser

Abstract: A barrier type product container wherein product is contained at atmospheric pressure and separate from a pressurizing gas. And, mounted thereon, for example, a valve actuator that preferably includes an ejector pump type nozzle element that is valvingly positionable to facilitate ventilating inflow of ambient air into the container and dispensation of product. The nozzle element is also positionable to inhibit ventilation of the container and effluence of product, and facilitate use of ambient air to purgingly dispel product residue from discharge passageways of the nozzle.

Hand vacuum with tilting intake

Abstract: A hand held vacuum cleaner of the type having a detachable dust cup is provided with a tiltable nozzle at the intake or forward end of the dust cup.

Drop Size Distributions for a Low Pressure Spray Type Agricultural Sprinkler

Abstract: DROPLET distributions are presented for a 360 deg spray nozzle with nozzle sizes ranging from 4.8 to 9.5 mm and pressure ranging from 50 to 200 kPa. Smooth and serrated spray plates were also used. The geometry of the spray plate surface is the dominant parameter that influences drop size distribution when compared to nozzle size and water pressure. The smooth plate produced the smallest droplets and the coarse grooved plate produced the largest.

Debris trap for a pressurized water nuclear reactor

Abstract: A debris trap is mounted within a bottom nozzle of a fuel assembly so as to capture and retain debris carried by coolant flowing from the lower core plate openings of the nuclear reactor to the fuel assembly. The trap includes a structure disposed below the adapter plate of the bottom nozzle and between the corner legs of the nozzle. The structure is composed of a plurality of straps aligned with one another in a crisscross arrangement and defining a plurality of interconnected wall portions which form a multiplicity of small cells each having open opposite ends and a central channel for coolant flow through the trap. A plurality of spring-like fingers are punched out of the wall portions and bent to extend into the cell channels toward the downstream end of the trap structure to provide means to capture and retain pieces of debris carried through the channels by flowing coolant. Outwardly projecting tabs are provided on the upstream end of the trap structure for holding large pieces of debris to prevent lateral circulation thereof along, and repeated impact thereof against the structure. Also, leaf springs are attached to opposite sides of the structure and engagable with a pair of the corner legs of the bottom nozzle for releasably locking the trap structure in place in the bottom nozzle.

Exhaust nozzle coupled with reverser exhaust door

Abstract: A convergent/divergent gas turbine engine exhaust nozzle having reverse thrust capability includes a door which blocks a reverse flow outlet port when the nozzle convergent flap is in any forward thrust operating mode. The door is coupled to the convergent nozzle flap such that it opens as the convergent nozzle flap moves to a reverse thrust position and the flap directs the exhaust gases through the reverser outlet.

Ink jet printer

Abstract: PURPOSE:To prevent the overmuch deposition of stains, etc., as well as exactly remove the stains by integrally incorporating a porous part to remove stains adhered to a nozzle cap and a cleaner to a tank as an exchangeable part to store ink. CONSTITUTION:A nozzle cap 21 turns in the direction of arrow, and the tips of the nozzles 3a and 3b of an ink jet head 3 are cleaned by rubbing by means of a cleaner 24a, during which period ink is jetted from the nozzle 3b. While flowing ink, the tip end of the nozzle 3a is cleaned by the cleaner 24a. Ink and stains adhered to the nozzle cap 21 are removed out by the porous part 25 in this way. The porous part 25, which is incorporated integrally with tanks 4 and 5, is exchanged at the same time as the tanks 4 and 5 are exchanged. These are renewed each time the exchange is made, and stains adhered to the nozle cap 21 can thus be exactly removed out.