Showing papers on "Nozzle published in 1994"

Ultrasonic surgical handpiece and an energy initiator

Abstract: An ultrasonic oscillator drives a tool at a set frequency. An amplitude control runs the oscillator to set the vibration level. A frequency regulator joins the amplitude and the oscillator. A control feedback loop, in the frequency regulator, keeps handpiece linear dynamics. An operational transconductance amplifier, in the oscillator, governs gain of the loop. A circuit connects to the control to retard the rate of current application over time to the amplifier. The circuit has switching to either retard the rate or reset for start up. The amplifier is a current output device with current directly proportional to the bias current and input voltage with bias as gain change for the loop. The circuit limits the bias to the amplifier to modify frequency response and output current. A capacitor delays application of the bias to the amplifier. Replaceable tools of various lengths or shapes positioned along an axis vibrate for surgery at the frequency and a wave length. Tools longer than one wavelength and of configurations tuned to oscillate around the frequency resonate as a function of their material, length and configuration. A flue surrounds the tool and has a hollow elongate semi rigid central body about an axis with a funnel, at one end thereof and a nozzle, at the other to direct annular irrigant/coolant flow therethrough. The funnel and nozzle are resilient. Reinforcing ridges, inside the nozzle, act to maintain concentricity between the flue and nozzle tip and channel irrigant thereabout.

Ink jet head and a method of manufacturing thereof

Abstract: A casing and a nozzle plate form a hollow cavity in which ink liquid can be filled. A buckling structure body is disposed within this hollow cavity. A nozzle orifice is provided in a nozzle plate at a position corresponding to the buckling structure body. The buckling structure body has a portion extending in a longitudinal direction. Both ends of the buckling structure body in the longitudinal direction are fixedly attached to the casing via an insulative member. The buckling structure body is formed of a material that is displaced at least in the longitudinal direction by conduction of current from a power source. Thus, an ink jet head of a long lifetime is provided that can provide a great discharge force while maintaining its small dimension.

Further considerations on the determination of laminar flame speeds with the counterflow twin-flame technique

Abstract: The accuracy of the laminar flame speed determination by using the counterflow twin-flame techniquehas been computationally and experimentally examined in light of the recent understanding that linear extrapolation of the reference upstream velocity to zero strain rate would yield a value higher than that of the laminar flame speed, and that such an overestimate can be reduced by using either lower strain rates and/or larger nozzle separation distances. A systematic evaluation of the above concepts has been conducted and verified for the ultralean hydrogen/air flames, which have relatively large Karlovitz numbers, even for small strain rates, because of their very small laminar flame speeds. Consequently, the significantly higher values of the previous experimentally measured flame speeds, as compared with the independently calculated laminar flame speeds, can now be attributed to the use of nozzle separation distances that were not sufficiently large and/or strain rates that were not sufficiently small. Thus, by using lower strain rates and larger nozzle separation distances, the experimentally and computationally redetermined values of these ultralean hydrogen/air flames agree well with the calculated laminar flame speeds. The laminar flame speeds of methane/air and propane/air mixtures have also been experimentally redetermined over extensive ranges of the equivalence ratio and are found to be slightly lower than the previously reported experimental values.

High density plasma CVD and etching reactor

Abstract: The disclosure relates to an RF inductively coupled plasma reactor including a vacuum chamber (102) for processing a wafer (82), one or more gas sources (98, 100) for introducing into the chamber reactant gases, and an antenna (80) capable of radiating RF energy into the chamber to generate a plasma therein by inductive coupling, the antenna lying in a two-dimensionally curved surface. In another embodiment a plasma reactor includes apparatus for spaying a reactant gas at a supersonic velocity toward the portion of the chamber overlying the wafer. In a further embodiment a plasma reactor includes a planar spray showerhead for spraying a reactant gas into the portion of the chamber overlying the wafer with plural spray nozzle openings facing the wafer, and plural magnets in an interior portion of the planar spray nozzle between adjacent ones of the plural nozzle openings, the plural magnets being oriented so as to repel ions from the spray nozzle openings.

Fuel-injection device for internal-combustion engines

Abstract: A fuel-injection device has a pump working chamber (7) which can be supplied and discharged by means of a fuel line (13) provided with a solenoid valve (23). The pump working chamber (7) is connected to a fuel-injection valve (33). Control of the fuel injection is achieved by means of the opening or closing of the solenoid valve (23) during the delivery stroke of the pump piston (5). The solenoid valve (23) is controlled by a control device (51). A needle stroke transducer (61) is disposed at the nozzle needle of the fuel-injection valve (33) which, after a limit value is exceeded, detects the stroke moment of the nozzle needle as a precise signal of the commencement and termination, and therefore the quantity, of the fuel injection, and transmits it to the control device (51) where this actual value is compared with a desired value from performance characteristics and, if necessary, results in a correction of the controlling of the solenoid valve (23).

Apparatus and method for polymer synthesis using arrays

Abstract: A polymer synthesis method and apparatus (20) is disclosed for building a polymer chain including a head assembly (21) having nozzles (22) with each nozzle coupled to a reservoir (23) of liquid reagent (24), and a base assembly (25) having reaction wells (26). A gas inlet (70) into the common chamber (31), upstream from the nozzles (22), and a gas outlet (71) out of the common chamber (31), downstream from the nozzles (22), sweeps the common chamber (31) of toxic fumes emitted by the reagents. A pressure regulating device (82) is provided for controlling a pressure differential, between pressure exerted on the reaction well (26) and pressure exerted on an exit (80) of the orifice (74), such that upon the pressure differential exceeding a predetermined amount, the reagent solution (76) is expelled.

Smoking or inhalation device

Abstract: A device is disclosed for smoking tobacco or another smoking product (13) or for inhaling aerosols released by corresponding substances when they are heated. The substance that constitutes the smoking product is shredded, granulated or otherwise crushed. The smoking product contained in a reservoir (12) that forms a substantially closed chamber (16) is heated by convection by previously heated air up to a temperature below its glow temperature. An electric heating device (8) that forms a heating air generator (7) arranged in a channel is provided with an outlet nozzle (9) for introducing the heated air into the chamber after the air runs through the heating device and absorbs heat energy. The smoking product (13) is spread in a substantially even manner on a saucer-like surface (12) in the chamber (16). The outlet nozzle is arranged in such a way that the heated air that flows out of the nozzle flows directly on to the smoking product and heats it through up to a temperature close to but lower than its glow temperature.

Ink jet recording head, recorder using the same and recording method therefor

Abstract: PURPOSE:To obtain an inexpensive ink jet recording head having an accurate nozzle and a simple structure by vibrating a nozzle plate itself and injecting ink droplets. CONSTITUTION:A recording head 11 has a base material 42, and a piezoelectric element 4 for vibrating a nozzle plate 7. It has the head having one nozzle and one piezoelectric element, but may have pluralities of them. When a pulselike electric signal is applied to the element 4, pressure in a pressure chamber 1 is raised to inject ink droplets 6 from the nozzle 2. The material 42 also forms an ink supply passage 3, and supplies the ink of the injected quantity from the rear of the passage 3 to the chamber 1.

Ultrasonic liquid wiper for ink jet printhead maintenance

Abstract: An ultrasonic liquid wiper for an ink jet printer maintenance station has a cleaning nozzle confrontingly aligned but spaced from printhead nozzles suspected of having viscous plugs of partially dried ink. A cleaning solution is held within the cleaning nozzle by surface tension to form a meniscus and is caused to bulge toward into contact with the printhead nozzle face and form a bridge of cleaning solution therewith. In addition to dissolving ink, the cleaning solution is ultrasonically excited by a piezoelectric material immediately upstream of the cleaning nozzle to provide a high frequency energized liquid wiper to facilitate viscous plug removal without having physical contact with the printhead nozzle face, thereby preventing wear of any hydrophobic coating on the nozzle face. A vacuum nozzle is positioned on each side of the cleaning nozzle to remove the cleaning solution deposited on the nozzle face, together with any ink dissolved therein. The cleaning nozzle optionally dwells for predetermined time periods to more effectively loosen and/or dissolve the viscous plugs of ink. The cleaning nozzles may have different concave shapes to aid in the ultrasonic cleaning action of the cleaning solution.

Gas turbine combustor

Abstract: PURPOSE:To reduce a generation amount of NOx by controlling a combustor so as to obtain optimum air-fuel ratio in accordance with an operation condition of a gas turbine. CONSTITUTION:A plurality of fuel nozzles 1a, 1b, 1c and a bypass valve 14 for adjusting an amount of combustion air, supplied to a combustor 1 from an air compressor 3, are provided in the combustor 1. A gas turbine is provided with means 9, 17, 18 for adjusting the amount of combustion air while individually controlling a flow amount of fuel supplied to each fuel nozzle in accordance with an operation condition of the gas turbine with at least its rotational speed N, exhaust gas temperature Tex and a generator output Mw serving as parameters.

Method and apparatus for making optical components by direct dispensing of curable liquid

Abstract: An apparatus for forming an optical element on the surface of a substrate by ejecting a curable light guide forming liquid from a nozzle onto the substrate and curing the curable light guide forming liquid A waveguide may be formed by moving the nozzle in a linear pattern over the surface of the substrate during ejection of the liquid from the nozzle Curing the liquid may include exposing the liquid to ultraviolet radiation, and the radiation may be applied to only a small portion of the liquid A multilayered waveguide may be formed by ejecting a further light guide forming liquid onto the first and curing it A core and cladding may be formed simultaneously by ejecting core forming liquid from an inner tube and cladding forming liquid from an annulus about the inner tube The waveguide may be formed in a groove, and a splitter may be formed by branching a second waveguide from a first, or by laying out two parallel waveguides and connecting them Apparatus for forming a light guide on a substrate includes an xy movable support for the substrate, and a container having a nozzle, the nozzle being movable in relation to the substrate, and a dispenser to regulate dispensing of liquid from the container Liquid curing radiation may be provided through a source of UV light The nozzle may be formed of a first central tube and a second outer tube disposed about the first central tube to form an annulus between them A microlens may be formed by holding the nozzle stationary during dispensing

Method of forming coating film and apparatus therefor

Abstract: An apparatus for forming a coating film, comprises a spin chuck for supporting a substrate with one surface facing upward and rotating the substrate about a vertical axis, a first nozzle for supplying a solvent of a coating solution on the substrate, and a second nozzle for supplying the coating solution on a central portion of the substrate. The first and second nozzles are supported by a head such that the supported nozzle moves between a dropping position above the substrate and a waiting position offset from the substrate. The solvent and coating solution are diffused along the surface of the substrate by rotating the spin chuck.

Dual fuel ultra-low NOx combustor

Abstract: An ultra-low NOx gas turbine combustor having a dual fuel capability. The combustor has a pre-mixing zone and a downstream combustion zone. The pre-mixing zone has three concentric annular passages that surround a central diffusion-type dual fuel nozzle. A gas fuel manifold distributes gas fuel around the inner and outer passages. A plurality of dual fuel nozzles are disposed in the middle passage to distribute either gas or oil fuel around the middle passage. The distribution of fuel around the passages allows the formation of lean fuel/air ratios, thereby lowering NOx formation. In addition, swirl vanes are arrayed around the inner and outer passages and around each of the fuel nozzles. A step increase in the flow area in going from the pre-mixing zone to the combustion zone creates vortices that tend to anchor the flame.

Numerical investigation of separated nozzle flows

Abstract: A numerical study of axisymmetric overexpanded nozzle is presented. The flow structure of the startup and throttle-down processes are examined. During the impulsive startup process, observed flow features include the Mach disk, separation shock, Mach stem, vortex core, contact surface, slip stream, initial shock front, and shocklet. Also the movement of the Mach disk is not monotonical in the downstream direction. For a range of pressure ratios, hysteresis phenomenon occurs; different solutions were obtained depending on different processes. Three types of flow structures were observed. The location of separation point and the lower end turning point of hysteresis are closely predicted. A high peak of pressure is associated with the nozzle flow reattachment. The reversed vortical structure and affects engine performance.

Apparatus and process for uniformly melt-blowing a fiberforming thermoplastic polymer in a spinnerette assembly of multiple rows of spinning orifices

Abstract: There is disclosed a novel apparatus and process for melt-blowing fiberforming thermoplastic polymers to form fine fibers by extruding through spinning nozzles arranged in four or more rows. The molten fibers are accelerated to near sonic velocity by gas being blown in parallel flow through small circular gas orifices surrounding each nozzle. The air orifices are formed by a family of plates which effect the perfect centering of each nozzle in each of the circular air orifices.

Dual fuel gas turbine combustor

Abstract: A combustor for a gas turbine having primary and secondary combustion zones. The combustor has a centrally disposed dual fuel nozzle that can supply a fuel rich mixture of either liquid and gaseous fuel to the primary combustion zone. The combustor also has primary gas fuel spray bars for supplying a lean mixture of gaseous fuel to the primary combustion zone via a first annular pre-mixing passage and secondary gas fuel spray bars for supplying a lean mixture of gaseous fuel to the secondary combustion zone via a second annular pre-mixing passage. In addition, the combustor also has a plurality of liquid fuel spray nozzles for introducing a lean mixture of liquid fuel into the secondary combustion zone via the second annular pre-mixing passage. The liquid fuel spray nozzles are disposed in fan shaped channels that are arranged in a circumferential array and that are connected to the second annular pre-mixing passage. The fan shaped channels cause expansion of the spray of fuel from the liquid spray nozzles and serve to ensure good atomization of the liquid fuel prior to its introduction into the second annular pre-mixing passage.

Ink jet printer

Abstract: PURPOSE:To improve grade of ink by adsorbing dissolved gas in ink by an adsorption means provided in a nozzle and generating foamed nuclear on the surface of the adsorption means so as to size ink drops, in an ink jet printer wherein the ink in the nozzle is foamed and the ink drops are discharged from an outlet at the tip of the nozzle. CONSTITUTION:In an ink jet printer wherein ink in a nozzle 6 is foamed and ink drops are discharged from an outlet at the tip of the nozzle, dissolved gas in the ink is adsorbed by an adsorption means 8 (for example, a high molecular porous matter) provided in the nozzle 6 and foamed nucleus 5 is generated on the surface of the adsorption means 8. As a result, sizes of the foam and ink drops are controlled, so that images of high print quality can be obtained stably.

Flow cell apparatus.

Abstract: A flow cell apparatus, useful in an apparatus for measuring particles suspended in a liquid, comprises a sample liquid, supply device, a sheath liquid supply device, a flow cell which has a flow passage passing through a transparent measuring portion, and a nozzle for causing the sample liquid, from the supply device to flow in the flow passage of the flow cell. The nozzle has at least one discharge port which is disposed in the flow passage in a spaced relation from the inner wall of the flow cell flow passage. The sheath liquid supply device causes the sheath liquid to flow around the nozzle discharge port and surround the sample liquid flow to form a sheath flow. The flow passage of the flow cell and the nozzle are so formed as to ensure a sample liquid flow of a fixed width through the measuring portion. A stable sample flow having a fixed width can be formed in the measuring portion even when the flow is at a high velocity, and particles in the sample liquid can efficiently be photographed with high accuracy.

Method and apparatus for CVD using liquid delivery system with an ultrasonic nozzle

Abstract: A liquid delivery system for a chemical vapor deposition apparatus, and a method of using the same employs one or more ultrasonic atomizing nozzles to inject one or more liquid precursor solutions directly into a CVD reactor chamber. The liquid delivery system can be operated either in a continuous mode or in a pulsed mode. In the pulsed mode, measured pulses of the liquid precursor solution are injected by the one or more ultrasonic atomizing nozzles so that control of film deposition rates as fine as monolayers per pulse can be obtained. Use of the ultrasonic nozzles insures that the liquid will be vaporized in the reactor chamber so that uniform deposition of films on one or more substrates in the reactor chamber is achieved.

Ink jet print head and a method of manufacturing the same

Abstract: An ink jet printer head includes a spacer (4) including pressure generating chambers (48) continuous to nozzle openings (2), ink supply paths and reservoirs, a cover member for covering the pressure generating chamber (48) in a sealing fashion, and pressure generating means (30) for generating pressure in the pressure generating chambers (48, 201) in accordance with print data. In processing a silicon single-crystal substrate vertically oriented in (110) by anisotropic etching process, one of the walls of a path hole for forming a pressure generating chamber (48) is aligned with one of the walls of a path hole for forming the ink supply path. Walls defining the path hole for forming a pressure generating chamber (48), which are located in the vicinity of a nozzle opening (2), are connected to each other at an obtuse angle. As a result, the ink supply path serving as a narrow path for ink flow and the pressure generating chamber (48) are formed as smooth flow paths. The walls in an area in the vicinity of the nozzle opening (2) where ink tends to stay are substantially equally distanced from the nozzle opening (2). A smooth flow of ink is ensured.

Spray nozzle and method of manufacturing same

Abstract: A method of forming an atomizing spray nozzle includes the steps of etching a swirl chamber and a spray orifice in a thin sheet of material. The swirl chamber is etched in a first side of the disk and the spray orifice is etched through a second side to the center of the swirl chamber. Feed slots are etched in the first side of the disk extending non-radially to the swirl chamber such that liquid can be conveyed to the swirl chamber so as to create and sustain the swirling motion. A inlet piece with inlet passage therein is connected with first side of the disk so as to convey liquid to the feed slots of the disk and to enclose the feed slots and swirl chamber. In addition to the method described an atomizing spray nozzle having the configuration described is much improved in its spray characteristics. The present invention also provides a method of forming a number of spray nozzles simultaneously in a single manufacturing process.

Process gas inlet and distribution passages

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a gas distribution manifold which allows the uniform supply of gas and is easily washable and replaceable by arranging a gas inlet ring and a chamber dome via an O-ring on a gas distribution ring facing a plasma. SOLUTION: The chamber dome 92 is arranged within a housing 24 of an etching chamber upper assembly 20. A lower chamber 30 is provided with a discharge pipe nozzle 26 and a slot opening 22 for a substrate inlet and outlet port. A gas inlet pipe block having a gas passage communicating with the gas inlet pipe part on the outside, the inlet ring 70 having the gas passage and the gas distribution ring 50 are arranged between the bottom end of the housing 24 and the top end of the lower chamber 30. The gas distribution ring 50 is provided with a plurality of the slots communicating with the gas passages described above according to prescribed flow patterns along the contour of the process chamber. The washing of the process chamber and the replacement or the like of the gas distribution ring 50 may be executed by easily removing the upper housing 24 and the chamber dome 92. COPYRIGHT: (C)1996,JPO

NO/sub x/ removal by a pipe with nozzle-plate electrode corona discharge system

Abstract: The effects of additional gas composition on the corona discharge characteristics in a pipe with nozzle electrode system and the NOx removal characteristics for flue gases are experimentally investigated. The additional gas consists of a mixture of Na+O/sub 2/+NH/sub 3/ and a small amount of Ar or CO/sub 2/, and is introduced to the flue gas stream from the pipe electrode through the corona discharging zone at the tip of nozzles. The results show that corona discharge characteristics and modes are significantly influenced by the composition of the additional gas mixture. Both NO/sub x/ reduction rate and energy yield of NO/sub x/ removal increase with decreasing corona discharge input power. NO reduction rate and energy yield can be optimized by the type of the additional gas mixture and the flow rates. >

Gas turbine combustor including a diffusion nozzle assembly with a double cylindrical structure

Abstract: A gas turbine combustor comprises a cylindrical outer casing having one end closed by a header plate. A combustor liner provided with an inner combustion chamber which is divided into a first-stage combustion region on a side of the header plate and a second-stage combustion region formed on a downstream side of the first-stage combustion region. A first-stage fuel supply unit mounted to the header plate for injecting a first-stage fuel to the first-stage combustion region and a second-stage fuel supply unit mounted to the header plate for injecting a second-stage fuel previously mixed in a lean fuel state. The first-stage fuel supply unit includes a first-stage fuel nozzle assembly, which supplies the first-stage fuel, formed by combining a diffusion combustion nozzle and a pre-mixture combustion nozzle. The pre-mixture combustion nozzle has, at an intermediate portion thereof, a pre-mixing portion for preliminarily mixing the first-stage fuel with an air, and the pre-mixing portion having a diameter in a downstream portion thereof smaller than that of an upstream portion thereof so as to form a pre-mixed flow into a contraction flow. The pre-mixing fuel nozzle of the first stage fuel nozzle assembly is disposed so as to surround the diffusion combustion nozzle disposed in a central portion thereof.

Very high speed radial inflow hydraulic turbine

Abstract: A very high speed radial inflow hydraulic turbine drive. Inflow nozzles drilled in a nozzle body intersect a circular nozzle body exit surface, the centerline of each nozzle forming an angle of between 8 and 25 degrees with the tangent of the exit circle at the point of intersection. The turbine wheel of the drive is small. Its diameter measured at the tips of the blades is less than 2 inches. In a preferred embodiment, built and tested by Applicant, the wheel is only 0.80 inch diameter. This embodiment was tested with a turbine hydraulic fluid pressure drop of 700 psi and flow of 19.5 GPM. The 0.8 inch turbine produced 5.9 HP at 62,000 RPM driving the compressor portion of a TO4B-V turbocharger. The compressed air flow was measured at 11.3 pounds per minute (161.4 inlet CFM) at a pressure ratio of 1.41. During the test the acceleration of the supercharger was measured from idle to 62,000 RPM in about 1/2 second. This preferred embodiment utilizes a plastic-metal turbine wheel in which the plastic portion of the wheel other than the blades is solidly anchored within a metal containing wheel. In other preferred embodiments the turbine drive drives superchargers for supercharging internal combustion engines such as bus and truck turbodiesel engines. The superchargers provided by the present invention produce immediate response to engine demand for increased combustion air and will dramatically reduce smoke emission during low speed acceleration of these bus and truck engines as well as greatly improve engine efficiency.

Method of and apparatus for producing a high concentration ozone water solution

Abstract: An ejector-type gas nozzle 17 including a liquid nozzle and a gas nozzle is used. Raw material water A in ozone reaction tank 1 is pumped and pressurized by pump 19 to use it circulatingly as water jet A of the ejector gas nozzle 17. The liquid nozzle of ejector-type gas nozzle 17 introduces the water jet A into the raw material water A in the ozone reaction tank 1. Ozone gas is sucked by negative pressure to be generated along the stream of water jet A so that it is injected into the raw material water A from the gas nozzle of ejector-type gas nozzle 17 as fine gas bubbles. A high concentration ozone water solution is produced by dissolving ozone into the raw material water A due to the gas-liquid reaction between the ozone fine gas bubbles and the raw material water A.

Bubble jet printing device, production of said device, and bubble jet printing head

Abstract: PURPOSE: To facilitate the accurate alignment between two parts in a two-part structure by forming an ink supply passage, a nozzle and a heater means integrally. CONSTITUTION: The passages 113, 114 piercing through the opposed surfaces of a semiconductor substrate 130 are formed by using semiconductor manufacturing technique and a part of them is formed into a nozzle for emitting an ink droplet 108 and an integrated BJ printing device having heater means 120 corresponding to the nozzle is constituted. Since this device is an one-part structure, there is no problem in the case of a two-part structure and the device is made long to easily provide a machinery corresponding to the whole width of recording paper.