Nozzle

About: Nozzle is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 158675 publications have been published within this topic receiving 893026 citations. The topic is also known as: spout.

Bubble jet printing device, production of said device, and bubble jet printing head

Abstract: PURPOSE: To facilitate the accurate alignment between two parts in a two-part structure by forming an ink supply passage, a nozzle and a heater means integrally. CONSTITUTION: The passages 113, 114 piercing through the opposed surfaces of a semiconductor substrate 130 are formed by using semiconductor manufacturing technique and a part of them is formed into a nozzle for emitting an ink droplet 108 and an integrated BJ printing device having heater means 120 corresponding to the nozzle is constituted. Since this device is an one-part structure, there is no problem in the case of a two-part structure and the device is made long to easily provide a machinery corresponding to the whole width of recording paper.

Tip heated hot runner nozzle

Abstract: An injection molding nozzle is provided that includes a heater disposed about an insert seated in the nozzle body. The heater provides extra heat about the insert where heat loss to the mold can cause a reduction in melt temperature. The heater remains on from one injection cycle to the next injection cycle. In one embodiment, a thermocouple is used to measure the temperature about the insert so that the intensity of the heater can be adjusted accordingly. The heater can also be used with nozzles used in multiple nozzle applications to balance the flow of the nozzles.

Characterization of the spray droplet spectra and patterns of four venturi-type drift reduction nozzles

Abstract: Laboratory studies were conducted using a Malvern laser droplet/particle size analyzer to determine the droplet spectra of several venturi-type drift reduction nozzles compared to a standard single, elliptical-orifice flat fan nozzle. Spray solutions of glufosinate, glyphosate, and paraquat were applied through all combinations of five nozzle types (four drift reduction), three tip sizes, and four application pressures. Nozzles were also evaluated for pattern uniformity using water plus surfactant at one pressure. When averaged over herbicide, tip size, and pressure the venturi nozzles collectively produced larger volume median diameter (VMD) droplets than the standard nozzle. The percentage of spray volume in droplets glyphosate (460 ,um) > glufosinate (400 (Lm), as measured by VMD. The venturi nozzles were more variable in their spray volume distribution than the standard nozzle. Utilization of venturi-type nozzles may minimize the drift potential of the herbicides evaluated but could also lead to uneven herbicide application and subsequent erratic weed control. Nomenclature: Glufosinate, 2-amino-4-(hydroxymethylphosphinyl)butanoic acid; glyphosate, iso- propylamine salt of N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine; paraquat, 1,1 '-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium ion. Additional index words: Glufosinate, glyphosate, paraquat, Malvern, venturi nozzle. Abbreviations: Al, Spraying Systems Al Teejet; CV, coefficient of variation; HSD, Tukey's honest significant difference; LM, Lurmark Ultra Lo-Drift; MMD, mass median diameter; NIS, nonionic surfactant; POST, postemergence; PRE, preemergence; RU, Delavan Raindrop Ultra; TD, Greenleaf

Effect of Pre-Chamber Volume and Nozzle Diameter on Pre-Chamber Ignition in Heavy Duty Natural Gas Engines

Abstract: It has previously been shown by the authors that the pre-chamber ignition technique operating with fuel-rich pre-chamber combustion strategy is a very effective means of extending the lean limit of combustion with excess air in heavy duty natural gas engines in order to improve indicated efficiency and reduce emissions. This article presents a study of the influence of pre-chamber volume and nozzle diameter on the resultant ignition characteristics. The two parameters varied are the ratio of pre-chamber volume to engine's clearance volume and the ratio of total area of connecting nozzle to the pre-chamber volume. Each parameter is varied in 3 steps hence forming a 3 by 3 test matrix. The experiments are performed on a single cylinder 2L engine fitted with a custom made pre-chamber capable of spark ignition, fuel injection and pressure measurement. The measured main and pre-chamber pressure data is then used to perform heat release analysis to understand combustion phenomenon in pre-chamber and the ignition and combustion of fuel-lean charge in main chamber that follows. Within the span of parameter variation, it has been observed that a larger pre-chamber provides higher ignition energy which results in shortened flame development angle and combustion duration. It is also observed that at a given pre-chamber volume, nozzle diameter mainly affects the combustion duration which may be due to difference in penetration depths of pre-chamber jets. The varied parameters seemed to have minor effect on NOx emissions. (Less)