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Topic

Nozzle

About: Nozzle is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 158675 publications have been published within this topic receiving 893026 citations. The topic is also known as: spout.


Papers
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Patent
12 Feb 2001
TL;DR: In this article, an apparatus for thermal conversion of one or more reactants to desired end products includes an insulated reactor chamber having a high temperature heater such as a plasma torch at its inlet end and, optionally, a restrictive convergent-divergent nozzle at its outlet end.
Abstract: An apparatus for thermal conversion of one or more reactants to desired end products includes an insulated reactor chamber having a high temperature heater such as a plasma torch at its inlet end and, optionally, a restrictive convergent-divergent nozzle at its outlet end. In a thermal conversion method, reactants are injected upstream from the reactor chamber and thoroughly mixed with the plasma stream before entering the reactor chamber. The reactor chamber has a reaction zone that is maintained at a substantially uniform temperature. The resulting heated gaseous stream is then rapidly cooled by passage through the nozzle, which “freezes” the desired end product(s) in the heated equilibrium reaction stage, or is discharged through an outlet pipe without the convergent-divergent nozzle. The desired end products are then separated from the gaseous stream.

82 citations

Patent
17 Dec 1993
TL;DR: In this article, a universal remote control mechanism for controlling a power spraying device comprises an electronic control contained within the nozzle housing of the sprayer, which is actuated to cause radio wave signals to be generated and transmitted by an internal antenna.
Abstract: A universal remote control mechanism for controlling a power spraying device comprises an electronic control contained within the nozzle housing of the sprayer. Membrane switches in the controller are actuated to cause radio wave signals to be generated and transmitted by an internal antenna. The radio signals are detected by a receiver which converts the radio signals into control signals for a main pumping unit. The radio waves may also control the introduction of various chemicals into the liquid solution by the main pumping unit. The nozzle also contains a deadman's switch for turning off the flow of liquid in case the unit is accidentally dropped. A delay feature lets the operator change hands without deactuating the system. The nozzle gun can be used for wired cable systems as well as for radio controlled systems.

82 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a low current intensity study of a cutting plasma torch is presented, where a two-dimensional turbulent plasma model is developed with the commercial code Fluent 4.5.
Abstract: A low current intensity study of a cutting plasma torch is presented. The operating gas is oxygen discharging in an air environment. A two-dimensional turbulent plasma model is developed with the commercial code Fluent 4.5. An experimental and a theoretical study are presented. Two configurations were used: one where the arc is transferred to a rotating anode 19 mm away and the other in a real cutting configuration (distance nozzle exit-workpiece around a few millimetres). In the first configuration, spectroscopic measurements are made and compared with the model. The supersonic plasma behaviour is shown with a Mach number of 1.5 at the nozzle exit. The turbulent effect on the mass fraction field is presented. It concerns the effects of turbulence on the presence of oxygen near the plate, and by a comparison of theoretical and experimental temperatures we conclude that the arc presents turbulent behaviour. In the second configuration, a power balance of the cutting process is presented above and in the thickness of the plate. The model shows that the most important contribution to the fusion process is due to convection, conduction and radiation terms.

82 citations

Patent
28 Jan 1988
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a silent operation with low speed and low charge without undesirably affecting the injection start, as well as a soft opening of the injector nozzle.
Abstract: A fuel injection pump for internal combustion engines has at least one pump working area (2) delimited by a pump plunger (1) and a work cylinder (3) and at least one high-pressure line (4) leading from the pump working area (2) to a fuel injection nozzle (5). In a discharge line (6) branching out from the high-pressure area (2, 4) is arranged a pressure-keeping value (7) the keeping pressure of which is tuned with the opening pressure of the injector nozzle (5). Thus, thanks to a reduction of the duration of the injection, one obtains a silent operation with low speed and low charge without undesirably affecting the injection start, as well as a soft opening of the nozzle (5). Other driving elements (9, 11, 12, 15) may be arranged in the discharge channel to influence the outflow volume and the opening features of the injection valve (5).

82 citations

Patent
Hiroshi Yamazaki1, Takuro Isayama1
23 May 1980
TL;DR: In this article, an ink clog is automatically sensed in an ink ejection nozzle (14) by moving a cap (28) into covering engagement with the nozzle orifice.
Abstract: An ink clog is automatically sensed in an ink ejection nozzle (14). The clog is cleared by moving a cap (28) into covering engagement with the nozzle orifice, causing solvent to flow through the nozzle (14) from the cap (28) to dissolve the clogged ink and subsequently causing air to flow through the cap (28) and nozzle (14) to purge solvent therefrom.

82 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20231,827
20223,448
20211,700
20203,921
20195,309
20186,486