Topic
Nuclear DNA
About: Nuclear DNA is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3933 publications have been published within this topic receiving 185830 citations.
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TL;DR: Proteins resistant to sarcosyl-Cs2SO4 treatment are associated exclusively with skeleton-attached DNA both in interphase nuclei and metaphase chromosomes and a group of tightly bound low molecular weight polypeptides seem to be randomly distributed throughout the whole DNA loop.
79 citations
TL;DR: Observations indicated that both satellite DNA's were relatively homogeneous molecular species and that they had either a different association with cellular structures or a different size than the majority of chromosomal DNA's.
79 citations
TL;DR: Important interspecific variations in DNA content per nucleus (1- to 8-fold) were observed among four species of the genus Scutellospora.
Abstract: The nuclear DNA content of 11 species of Glomales was evaluated by flow cytometry after DAPI staining relative to Gigaspora margarita, which was used as internal standard. The nuclear DNA content of this species was calibrated by propidium iodide staining relative to chicken red blood cells. A correction was applied when the difference in AT content of the DNA was significant between a sample and the standard. A single unimodal peak of fluorescence was observed for nuclei from the quiescent spores of the 11 fungal species studied. It was considered that this peak corresponded to the amount of DNA in the genome of each species. Important interspecific variations in DNA content per nucleus (1- to 8-fold) were observed among four species of the genus Scutellospora.Key words: nucleus, DNA content, flow cytometry, spore, Glomales.
79 citations
TL;DR: Evidence is provided that the mitochondrial BER proteins are not freely soluble, but strongly associated with an inner membrane-containing particulate fraction of mitochondria, suggesting that electrostatic interactions are involved in the association.
Abstract: Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) contains high levels of oxidative damage relative to nuclear DNA. A full, functional DNA base excision repair (BER) pathway is present in mitochondria, to repair oxidative DNA lesions. However, little is known about the organization of this pathway within mitochondria. Here, we provide evidence that the mitochondrial BER proteins are not freely soluble, but strongly associated with an inner membrane-containing particulate fraction. Uracil DNA glycosylase, oxoguanine DNA glycosylase and DNA polymerase gamma activities all co-sedimented with this particulate fraction and were not dissociated from it by detergent (0.1% or 1.0% NP40) treatment. The particulate associations of these activities were not due to their binding mtDNA, which is itself associated with the inner membrane, as they also localized to the particulate fraction of mitochondria from 143B (TK-) rho(0) cells, which lack mtDNA. However, all of the BER activities were at least partially solubilized from the particulate fraction by treatment with 150-300 mM NaCl, suggesting that electrostatic interactions are involved in the association. The biological implications of the apparent immobilization of BER proteins are discussed.
79 citations
TL;DR: Evidence is presented that Pol δ contributes to the initiation of leading strand replication in budding yeast by synthesizing DNA of both strands at replication origins.
Abstract: To investigate nuclear DNA replication enzymology in vivo, we have studied Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains containing a pol2-16 mutation that inactivates the catalytic activities of DNA polymerase e (Pol e). Although pol2-16 mutants survive, they present very tiny spore colonies, increased doubling time, larger than normal cells, aberrant nuclei, and rapid acquisition of suppressor mutations. These phenotypes reveal a severe growth defect that is distinct from that of strains that lack only Pol e proofreading (pol2-4), consistent with the idea that Pol e is the major leading-strand polymerase used for unstressed DNA replication. Ribonucleotides are incorporated into the pol2-16 genome in patterns consistent with leading-strand replication by Pol δ when Pol e is absent. More importantly, ribonucleotide distributions at replication origins suggest that in strains encoding all three replicases, Pol δ contributes to initiation of leading-strand replication. We describe two possible models.
79 citations