Topic
Nuclear DNA
About: Nuclear DNA is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3933 publications have been published within this topic receiving 185830 citations.
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TL;DR: Long tracts of DNA with high sequence homology to chloroplast DNA were isolated from nuclear genomic libraries of Nicotiana tabacum and one lambda EMBL4 clone was characterised in detail and assigned to nuclear DNA.
Abstract: Long tracts of DNA with high sequence homology to chloroplast DNA were isolated from nuclear genomic libraries of Nicotiana tabacum. One lambda EMBL4 clone was characterised in detail and assigned to nuclear DNA. The majority of the 15.5-kb sequence is greater than 99% homologous with its chloroplast DNA counterpart, but a single base deletion causes premature termination of the reading frame of the psaA gene. One region of the clone contains a concentration of deleted regions, and these were used to identify and quantify the sequence in native nuclear DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods. An estimated 15 copies of this specific region are present in a 1c tobacco nucleus.
59 citations
TL;DR: Total mtRNA hybridized to a large extent with nuclear DNA of S. carlsbergensis, but the hybridization was suppressed to near background by excess cold cell-sap rRNA, indicating that yeast mitochondria do not contain substantial amounts of imported nuclear transcripts.
59 citations
TL;DR: The intraspecific, intraline, and intraplant variation in DNA content in H. annuus support the concept that a sizable portion of a plant genome is unstable and subject to rapid changes in DNA amount.
Abstract: Nuclear 2C DNA content was determined by laser flow cytometry for 13 diploid (2n = 34) lines (cultivated varieties and inbred lines) of Helianthus annuus. Mean DNA amount of second leaf nuclei varied from 6.01 to 7.95 pg (32%) among lines. Mean DNA content varied up to 19% within lines. Variability in mean DNA content exceeding 27% and 48% was detected among leaves from different nodes of plants of the open-pollinated variety, Californicus, and the inbred line, RHA 299, respectively. The root tip and shoot tip nuclei of H. annuus have been reported to consist of a mixture of aneuploid (17 to 33 chromosomes) and diploid (34 chromosomes) cells, a condition called aneusomaty. Chromosome counts of root tips and an analysis of the distribution of DNA content of large numbers of nuclei from leaves indicate that aneusomaty either does not occur, or is not common, among the lines investigated. The intraspecific, intraline, and intraplant variation in DNA content in H. annuus support the concept that a sizable portion of a plant genome is unstable and subject to rapid changes in DNA amount.
59 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: No evidence was obtained for repair-induced long-range nucleosomal movement in normal fibro Blasts or constitutive movement in the absence of excision repair in xeroderma pigmentosum fibroblasts, and the initial differences in adduct concentration between linker DNA and core DNA diminished during posttreatment incubation.
Abstract: The excision and persistence of covalent DNA adducts formed by N -acetoxy-2-acetylaminofluorene (AAAF) were studied in human skin fibroblasts. The changes in adduct concentration as a function of posttreatment incubation were measured in purified nucleosomal core DNA and in total nuclear DNA, and from these data the changes in adduct concentration in nucleosomal linker DNA were calculated. Immediately after N -acetoxy-2-acetylaminofluorene treatment which introduced 20 to 38 µmol adducts per mol DNA-P, the adduct concentration was 4 to 5 times higher in linker DNA than in core DNA. Adduct removal was rapid during the first 8 hr of incubation and occurred 3.5 to 4 times more efficiently from linker DNA than from core DNA. After 24 hr incubation, adduct removal continued only at a very low rate, leaving a substantial fraction of adducts unexcised. This fraction of persistent adducts had a value of 0.5 and was independent of the initial adduct concentration in the range of 12 to 115 µmol adducts per mol DNA-P. Approximately 65% of the persisting adducts were located in nucleosomal cores. The initial differences in adduct concentration between linker DNA and core DNA diminished during posttreatment incubation. This was entirely due to preferential early adduct excision from linker DNA. No evidence was obtained for repair-induced long-range nucleosomal movement in normal fibroblasts or constitutive movement in the absence of excision repair in xeroderma pigmentosum fibroblasts. Nucleosomal movement would tend to diminish the concentration differences between linker DNA and core DNA.
59 citations
TL;DR: The nuclear DNA of D. melanogaster contains DNA sequences that are repeated between ten and a hundred times more often than the next class of redundant DNA, which has been localized by "in situ" hybridization in the chromocenter of the chromosomes of the salivary gland.
Abstract: The nuclear DNA of D. melanogaster contains DNA sequences that are repeated between ten and a hundred times more often than the next class of redundant DNA. This DNA, as a renatured duplex isolated on the basis of its renaturation kinetics, has a buoyant density of 1.691 (g/ml). In its native state it bands within the unique nuclear DNA peak (ρ = 1.701). These sequences have been localized by “in situ“ hybridization in the chromocenter of the chromosomes of the salivary gland. The properties of centromeres are discussed in terms of the occurrence of repeated sequences at this locus.
59 citations