Topic
Nuclear DNA
About: Nuclear DNA is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3933 publications have been published within this topic receiving 185830 citations.
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TL;DR: It is hypothesized that aging and longevity, as complex traits having a significant genetic component, are likely to be controlled by nuclear gene variants interacting with both inherited and somatic mtDNA variability.
51 citations
TL;DR: Real-time PCR quantification shows that sequences of cytochrome oxidase III and 16S rRNA from mtDNA are present in highly purified nuclei from liver and brain in young and old rats, suggesting that mtDNA fragments may insert into nuclear DNA contributing to aging and related diseases by alterations in the nucleus.
51 citations
TL;DR: The role of mitochondria in cloned farm animals with emphasis on nucleo-cytoplasmic interactions and consequences for embryo development is reviewed, as the donor cell nucleus is typically transferred with surrounding cy toplasm including mitochondria which become destroyed in some but not all species.
51 citations
TL;DR: Cloned DNA containing 22.2 kb of the chicken lysozyme gene region was screened with use of a nitrocellulose filter binding technique for specific recognition by nuclear DNA binding proteins from chicken oviduct cells, indicating that only one class of proteins is involved in the recognition of all four sites.
51 citations
TL;DR: Young ovaries and pollinaria consistently yield 2C and 1C peaks of their G1‐phase nuclei, respectively, and are, therefore, the most suitable parts for genome size studies in orchids, and provide new DNA C‐values for 22 orchid genera and 42 species.
Abstract: Nuclear genome size is an inherited quantitative trait of eukaryotic organisms with both practical and biological consequences. A detailed analysis of major families is a promising approach to fully understand the biological meaning of the extensive variation in genome size in plants. Although Orchidaceae accounts for ∼10% of the angiosperm diversity, the knowledge of patterns and dynamics of their genome size is limited, in part due to difficulties in flow cytometric analyses. Cells in various somatic tissues of orchids undergo extensive endoreplication, either whole-genome or partial, and the G1-phase nuclei with 2C DNA amounts may be lacking, resulting in overestimated genome size values. Interpretation of DNA content histograms is particularly challenging in species with progressively partial endoreplication, in which the ratios between the positions of two neighboring DNA peaks are lower than two. In order to assess distributions of nuclear DNA amounts and identify tissue suitable for reliable estimation of nuclear DNA content, we analyzed six different tissue types in 48 orchid species belonging to all recognized subfamilies. Although traditionally used leaves may provide incorrect C-values, particularly in species with progressively partial endoreplication, young ovaries and pollinaria consistently yield 2C and 1C peaks of their G1-phase nuclei, respectively, and are, therefore, the most suitable parts for genome size studies in orchids. We also provide new DNA C-values for 22 orchid genera and 42 species. Adhering to the proposed methodology would allow for reliable genome size estimates in this largest plant family. Although our research was limited to orchids, the need to find a suitable tissue with dominant 2C peak of G1-phase nuclei applies to all endopolyploid species.
51 citations