Topic
Nuclear DNA
About: Nuclear DNA is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3933 publications have been published within this topic receiving 185830 citations.
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TL;DR: The result showed that there is a close correlations between nuclear chromosome number or ploids and DNA content in fish, and suggest that the more specialized or evolutionarily advanced species, the less nuclear DNA content the fishes possess.
Abstract: Forty-two species of Chinese freshwater fishes were examined for their cellular DNA content. The result showed that there is a close correlations between nuclear chromosome number or ploids and DNA content in fish. These observations suggest that the more specialized or evolutionarily advanced species, the less nuclear DNA content the fishes possess. The polyploid evolution, the systematic relationship of the fishes and the variations within species are discussed.
47 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that depletion of the Xenopus origin recognition complex subunit XORC2 from Xenopus egg extracts has no influence on the efficiency of replication or the pattern of initiation sites with either pre-ODP or post- ODP nuclei.
47 citations
TL;DR: G genome size in 21 populations of 18 species of Artemisia belonging to the subgenus Dracunculus, mainly from Russia and Mongolia, has been assessed by flow cytometry concluding that there exists a nuclear DNA loss within ascending ploidy levels.
Abstract: Chromosome counts in 12 Artemisia species from Russia are presented in this paper. Chromosome numbers of A. czekanowskiana, A. globosa, A. ledebouriana, A. lithophila, A. macilenta, A. pycnorhiza and A. sosnovskyi are reported for the first time. The chromosome counts carried out in A. czekanowskiana (2n=10x=90) and A. macrantha (2n=12x=108) indicate cases of aneusomaty. The presence of a dicentric chromosome and acentric fragments or a B-chromosome is reported for one species. Besides these, genome size in 21 populations of 18 species of Artemisia belonging to the subgenus Dracunculus, mainly from Russia and Mongolia, has been assessed by flow cytometry. The nuclear DNA content ranges from 2C=4.21 to 2C=24.58 pg, and the nuclear DNA content per basic chromosome set (1Cx) from 2.06 to 3.00 pg. The constancy of genome size has been evaluated concluding that there exists a nuclear DNA loss (at the 1Cx-value level) within ascending ploidy levels. Possible correlations between genome size, morphological traits and the phylogenetic position of species have been tested.
47 citations
TL;DR: The studies demonstrate the inherent plasticity and dynamic nature of the Entamoeba genome in at least two species and appears that gain or loss of whole genome copies may be occurring during changes in the growth conditions.
Abstract: Under axenic growth conditions, trophozoites of Entamoeba histolytica contain heterogenous amounts of DNA due to the presence of both multiple nuclei and different amounts of DNA in individual nuclei. In order to establish if the DNA content and the observed heterogeneity is maintained during different growth conditions, we have compared E. histolytica cells growing in xenic and axenic cultures. Our results show that the nuclear DNA content of E. histolytica trophozoites growing in axenic cultures is at least 10 fold higher than in xenic cultures. Re-association of axenic cultures with their bacterial flora led to a reduction of DNA content to the original xenic values. Thus switching between xenic and axenic growth conditions was accompanied by significant changes in the nuclear DNA content of this parasite. Changes in DNA content during encystation-excystation were studied in the related reptilian parasite E. invadens. During excystation of E. invadens cysts, it was observed that the nuclear DNA content increased approximately 40 fold following emergence of trophozoites in axenic cultures. Based on the observed large changes in nuclear size and DNA content, and the minor differences in relative abundance of representative protein coding sequences, rDNA and tRNA sequences, it appears that gain or loss of whole genome copies may be occurring during changes in the growth conditions. Our studies demonstrate the inherent plasticity and dynamic nature of the Entamoeba genome in at least two species.
47 citations
TL;DR: The phylogeny of Larix species was studied using chloroplast DNA RFLPs and nuclear ITS sequences and AFLPs to resolve the sister relationships between the Eurasian and Asian species and the monophyletic origin of each major geographic group.
47 citations